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Inhibition of prepenetration processes of the powdery mildew Golovinomyces orontii on host inflorescence stems is reduced in the Arabidopsis cuticular mutant cer3 but not in cer1

  • Fungal Diseases
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Abstract

The obligate biotrophic fungus Golovinomyces orontii causes powdery mildew (PM) disease on its host Arabidopsis thaliana. Most research on the G. orontii–Arabidopsis pathosystem uses rosette leaves as experimental materials, so little is known about the behavior of G. orontii on other Arabidopsis organs. We thus conducted microscopic analyses of the PM infection process on leaves, stems, fruits and roots of Arabidopsis. Adaxial and abaxial surfaces of mature rosette leaves supported G. orontii infection, but growth was somewhat suppressed on cauline leaves. Prepenetration processes (germination and appressorium formation) were strongly inhibited on stems, fruits and roots. To test the effect of alterations in the Arabidopsis cuticle on the inhibition of prepenetration processes on stems, we used cuticle mutants of Arabidopsis eceriferum (cer) cer1 and cer3. Both mutants had been characterized for reduction in cuticular wax, but our chlorophyll leaching assay revealed increased cuticle permeability only in cer3. Mature rosette leaves and stems of cer1 and cer3 were inoculated, and prepenetration inhibition on stems was found to be significantly reduced in cer3 but not in cer1. We discuss the function of the cuticle in prepenetration inhibition, as well as our finding on suppression of G. orontii growth and reproduction on cer3 rosette leaves.

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Abbreviations

cer :

eceriferum

dpi:

Days post inoculation

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

JA:

Jasmonic acid

PM:

Powdery mildew

SA:

Salicylic acid

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Acknowledgments

We thank Drs. Takuji Wada and Tetsuya Kurata for technical advice and the kind gift of cer1-1, cer3-6 (yre-1), and cer3-8 (yre-2) lines; Profs. Ko Shimamoto and Masao Tasaka at NAIST, Prof. Hideyoshi Toyoda and Dr. Teruo Nonomura at Kinki University for helpful discussions; and Ms. Shitomi Nakagawa for experimental support. N.I. was supported by a Scientific Research for Plant Graduate Student from NAIST, supported by The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, JAPAN. E.A.S was supported by National Science Foundation, East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes #0812887.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Function Analysis, Plant Global Educational Project, Graduate Schools of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan

    Noriko Inada

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, 104 Center for Integrated Plant Systems, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Elizabeth A. Savory

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  1. Noriko Inada
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  2. Elizabeth A. Savory
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Correspondence to Noriko Inada.

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Inada, N., Savory, E.A. Inhibition of prepenetration processes of the powdery mildew Golovinomyces orontii on host inflorescence stems is reduced in the Arabidopsis cuticular mutant cer3 but not in cer1 . J Gen Plant Pathol 77, 273–281 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-011-0331-0

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