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Application of ameliorated wood pulp to recover Cd(II), Pb(II), and Ni(II) from e-waste

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Abstract

In this study, dl-malic acid and hydrogen peroxide were used as leaching agents to remove metals from e-waste (printed-circuit boards) and itaconic acid-grafted poly(vinyl alcohol)-encapsulated wood pulp (IA-g-PVA-en-WP) to uptake metals from leachate with high proficiency [11.63 mg g−1; 93.03 % for Cd(II), 11.90 mg g−1; 95.18 % for Pb(II), and 12.14 mg g−1; 97.08 % for Ni(II)]. Metals were recovered from the loaded biosorbent by desorption studies. The standard analytical techniques, such as elemental analysis, Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, were used to characterize the recovering agent (biosorbent). At equilibrium, the metal uptake data were fitted to Langmuir and D–R isotherms (R 2 > 0.99) significantly, revealing, the homogeneous distribution of active sites on biosorbent’s backbone. The possible mechanism appeared to be ion exchanges of metal ions with H+ together with binding over functionalities (COO−). Dimensionless equilibrium parameter (R L) showed the favourability of metal uptake at lower concentration, while mean adsorption energy (E) certified the physical binding of metal on functionalities which was further confirmed by sticking probability and activation energy parameters. Reusability studies were also conducted to state the performance of biosorbent.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, for providing necessary research facilities and the Central Instrumentation Laboratory of Panjab University, India, for the elemental analysis of the samples. Shilpa Varshney is grateful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, under Grant 09/607(0040)2014-EMR-I, for rendering financial assistance.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India

    Shilpa Varshney, Priyanka Jain & Shalini Srivastava

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  1. Shilpa Varshney
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  2. Priyanka Jain
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Correspondence to Shalini Srivastava.

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Varshney, S., Jain, P. & Srivastava, S. Application of ameliorated wood pulp to recover Cd(II), Pb(II), and Ni(II) from e-waste. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 19, 1446–1456 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0539-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0539-3

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