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Proximate composition of household waste and applicability of waste management technologies by source separation in Hanoi, Vietnam

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Abstract

The organic fraction of municipal solid wastes in Southeast Asia, which has a high moisture content, accounts for a large proportion of total waste. Local governments need to pay adequate attention to the composition of wastes to determine alternative waste management technologies. This study proposed the use of a triangle diagram to describe changes in proximate composition and rates of successful source separation of municipal solid waste and to identify technical challenges about alternative waste management technologies such as incineration, composting, and refuse-derived fuel production based on physical and proximate composition analysis of household waste sampled in Hanoi, Vietnam, as a case study. The analysis indicated the effectiveness of different types of source separation as well as different levels of successful achievement of source separation as an adjustment mechanism for the proximate composition of waste. Proper categorization of wastes for source separation is necessary for the appropriate use of alternative waste management technologies. The results showed that, at a source separation rate of just greater than 0.52 in a three-way separation scheme, the waste separated as combustible waste would be suitable for incineration with energy recovery. Based on well-designed schemes of source separation, alternative waste management technologies can be applied.

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank Nguyen Huu Dung of the Institute for Urban Environment and Industry of Vietnam and all the staff of the International Cooperation Department, Hanoi Urban Environment Company for supporting this study. We express our sincere and profound gratitude to the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund by the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan

    Kosuke Kawai, Masato Yamada & Masahiro Osako

  2. Institute for Urban Environment and Industry of Vietnam, 56/221, De La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Luong Thi Mai Huong

Authors
  1. Kosuke Kawai
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  2. Luong Thi Mai Huong
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  3. Masato Yamada
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  4. Masahiro Osako
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Correspondence to Kosuke Kawai.

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Kawai, K., Huong, L.T.M., Yamada, M. et al. Proximate composition of household waste and applicability of waste management technologies by source separation in Hanoi, Vietnam. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 18, 517–526 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-014-0348-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-014-0348-5

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