Abstract
Flexibility is the most prominent advantage of organic solar cells (OSCs) compared with traditional photovoltaic devices, showing an irreplaceable commercial potential. Currently, the maximum power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of single-junction OSCs have been over 19% and 16% upon rigid and flexible substrates, respectively, which meet the criteria for commercial application. Extensive research efforts are under way, such as device configuration design, interface/photosensitive layer synthesis, transparent electrode modification and printing technology innovation, however, the reasonable selection of printing technologies, the huge performance loss of large-area printing process and the structural design of flexible modules are still the bottlenecks, limiting the commercialization of OSCs. This review focuses on the technical challenges and rational modular configuration design for printing preparation of flexible high-efficiency large-area organic devices, from the aspects of the functional layer material selection, printing process research status and large-scale efficiency losses. These will promote the integrated applications of printable organic semiconductor materials for next-generation clean energy and appeal extensive attentions in wearable electronics, building-integrated photovoltaics and Internet of Things, etc.
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Acknowledgments
Y. C. and X. H. thanks for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22005131, 52173169, U1801256 and U20A20128). X. H. thanks for financial support from the “Double Thousand Plan” Science and Technology Innovation High-end Talent Project of Jiangxi Province (No. jxsq2019201049). X. M. thanks for the financial support from the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (No. BX2021117) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700060).
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Xiaotian Hu received his Ph.D. degree from Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) in 2019. He was appointed as a full professor at Nanchang University in 2019. His research interest is mainly focused on the printing fabrication and modular design of wearable perovskite/organic solar cells. He self-designed the “roll-to-roll” printing equipment suitable for a variety of photoelectric devices, and some of them have been achieved transformation and economic benefits.
Yiwang Chen is a full professor of Chemistry at Jiangxi Normal University. He received his Ph. D. from Peking University in 1999 and conducted his postdoctoral work at Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. Currently he is serving as a director of Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education at Jiangxi Normal University and Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC) at Nanchang University. His research interests include solution process and printing of polymer solar cells, solution process and printing of perovskite solar cells, wet printing of transparent electrodes, supercapacitor, electrocatalysis for zinc-air batteries and direct methanol fuel cells, and intelligent organosilicon elastomer.
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The authors declare no competing financial interest.
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Meng, X., Xing, Z., Hu, X. et al. Large-area Flexible Organic Solar Cells: Printing Technologies and Modular Design. Chin J Polym Sci 40, 1522–1566 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2803-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2803-4