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Particulate composites based on ionic liquid-treated oil palm fiber and thermoplastic starch adhesive

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Abstract

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials is a highly essential and critical task for the manufacturing of engineered composite panels. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as a promising green solvent for lignocellulosic biomass disintegration. In this work, the impact of IL pretreatment on the flexural and thermal properties of the thermo-molded biocomposite panels made from oil palm biomass residue and thermoplastic starch biopolymer as binder was studied. Oil palm fiber was pretreated with IL [emim][dep] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate) and IL [bmim][Cl] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) prior to mixing with plasticized starch. The compounded mixture was then hot-pressed into composite panels. To understand the effect of IL pretreatment, lignocellulosic characterization, morphology, and thermogravimetric analysis of the untreated and treated fibers were performed. It was found that thermal stability of the oil palm biomass and the biocomposites was improved after IL pretreatment due to partial removal of hemicellulose and lignin from raw fiber. Moreover, pretreated biocomposites exhibited superior strength and modulus as compared to that of untreated sample as evidenced from flexural testing. The study plainly demonstrates that IL-assisted pretreatment could be an extremely attractive and clean technology for the efficient use of agro-based industrial waste in biocomposite field.

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Acknowledgments

This research work was supported by the University Research Internal Fund (URIF) under Grant Number 0153AA-B80, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia for financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

    Hamayoun Mahmood, Muhammad Moniruzzaman & Suzana Yusup

  2. School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

    Hazizan Md. Akil

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  1. Hamayoun Mahmood
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  2. Muhammad Moniruzzaman
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  3. Suzana Yusup
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  4. Hazizan Md. Akil
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Correspondence to Muhammad Moniruzzaman.

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Mahmood, H., Moniruzzaman, M., Yusup, S. et al. Particulate composites based on ionic liquid-treated oil palm fiber and thermoplastic starch adhesive. Clean Techn Environ Policy 18, 2217–2226 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1132-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1132-0

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