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Rate of augmentation and risk factors with long-term follow-up in Japanese patients with restless legs syndrome

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Abstract

Objectives

Preventing augmentation is the critical clinical issue for RLS treatment. As for augmentation in Asian RLS patients, there have been only four studies and the follow-up durations of these studies were not long. We investigated Japanese RLS patients with longer duration of treatment in a clinical setting.

Methods

This study is a retrospective assessment of 42 RLS patients with follow-up durations of longer than 18 months (78.4 ± 29.2, range 19–139) at two urban sleep centers in Osaka, Japan from May 2004 to April 2014.

Results

The mean age of first visit was 63.5 ± 14.1 years old and the estimated age of RLS onset was 47.9 ± 16.5 years old. Twenty-eight out of 42 patients were female. At initial evaluation, the mean International Restless Legs Scale score (IRLS score) was 22.0 ± 5.9. Thirty-one of 42 had already visited other clinics before coming to our sleep centers, and the number of clinics visited was 1.3 ± 0.6. Augmentation developed in two patients (4.8%), and the dosage of dopamine equivalent in patients with and without augmentation was 12.5 and 18.8 mg vs. 15.8 ± 17.7 mg. In the two RLS patients with augmentation, ferritin was 113.1 and 114.1 ng/mL, respectively, and the number of clinics before coming to our sleep centers was both three.

Conclusions

The augmentation rate of Japanese RLS patients from our study is low compared with previous Western and Asian studies. It might be attributable to racial difference, lower dosage of dopaminergic treatment, and the level of ferritin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Drs. Takuya Oguri and Hanako Sugiyama who were in charge of the patients from 2006 to 2010 in Kansai Electric Power Hospital.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Sleep-related Disorders, Department of Neurology, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, 2-1-7, Fukushima, Osaka, Fukushima, 553-0003, Japan

    Kosuke Tanioka, Koh-Ichiro Taniguchi & Naoko Tachibana

  2. Sleep Medical Center, Osaka Kaisei Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Mutsumi Okura, Manami Inoue & Mitsutaka Taniguchi

  3. Division of Sleep Medicine, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

    Koh-Ichiro Taniguchi & Naoko Tachibana

  4. Division of Neurology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

    Toshiaki Hamano

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  1. Kosuke Tanioka
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Correspondence to Naoko Tachibana.

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Tanioka, K., Okura, M., Inoue, M. et al. Rate of augmentation and risk factors with long-term follow-up in Japanese patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurol Sci 39, 1559–1564 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3456-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3456-5

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