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Five-year survival and prognostic factors for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: retrospective cohort of a cancer center

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Abstract

Introduction

Oropharyngeal cancer is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Prognostic factors for this cancer are therefore useful to predict overall survival and may provide additional therapeutic targets.

Objective

To evaluate the 5-year overall survival and prognostic factors for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods

Retrospective cohort (2008–2018) of a cancer referral center. The population of the study was a hospital-based cohort consisting of patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer who underwent surgery and/or adjuvant therapy (radio- and/or chemotherapy).

Results

A total of 253 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed. The mean age was 59.8 ± 11.9 years and there was a male predominance (81.8%). Smoking and alcohol consumption were found in 88.0% and 84.2% of the sample, respectively. The combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy was the treatment modality in 42.7% of the sample, followed by surgery combined with radio- and chemotherapy in 15.8%. There were 143 deaths (events), the mean survival was 11.55 ± 9.69 months, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 1.1%. Overall survival was lower for clinical stage III/IV (p < 0.001), HPV p16-negative status (p = 0.019), and an interval > 4 weeks between diagnosis and the beginning of treatment (p < 0.007).

Conclusion

Among the prognostic factors analyzed in this cohort, p16-negative status as a poor prognostic indicator and tumor stage III/IV and an interval longer than 4 weeks between diagnosis and the beginning of treatment were significantly associated with lower overall survival.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Pathological Anatomy Service of the Discipline of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, for providing the material and laboratory resources necessary for the study.

Funding

The authors thank the Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil, for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Concentration Area in Oral Pathology and Stomatology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, CEP, 59056-000, Brazil

    Glória Maria de França, Weslay Rodrigues da Silva, Cristianne Kalinne Santos Medeiros, Joaquim Felipe Júnior & Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão

  2. Liga Norte-Rio-Grandense Contra O Câncer, Natal-RN, Brazil

    Edilmar de Moura Santos

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  1. Glória Maria de França
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  2. Weslay Rodrigues da Silva
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  3. Cristianne Kalinne Santos Medeiros
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  4. Joaquim Felipe Júnior
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  5. Edilmar de Moura Santos
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  6. Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Glória Maria de França.

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Ethics approval

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) (approval number 3.613.294/2020) and Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer (approval number 3.834.165/2020).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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de França, G.M., da Silva, W.R., Medeiros, C.K.S. et al. Five-year survival and prognostic factors for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: retrospective cohort of a cancer center. Oral Maxillofac Surg 26, 261–269 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-021-00986-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-021-00986-4

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