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Predictors of dental plaque and gingivitis in patients receiving integrated dental treatment—a longitudinal retrospective study

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Abstract

Objectives

The identification of predictors of supragingival biofilm accumulation may improve the results of therapeutic strategies for dental caries and periodontal diseases in general clinical practice. This study aimed to determine predictors of changes in visible plaque (VP) and gingival bleeding (GB) during integrated dental care.

Materials and methods

A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted by a census of patients receiving integrated dental care in a general clinical practice ambulatory at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The sample comprised 91 charts of patients attended over a 6-months period. Gender, age, patient’s main complaint, oral hygiene pattern, and clinical data were recorded from charts for the last two dental visits in the ambulatory. Changes in VP and GB were modeled by multiple linear regression and beta coefficients (b) were reported.

Results

The mean follow-up time was 13 months. Significant reductions in VP (32.8 ± 27.9 to 17.4 ± 19.4%; p < 0.001) and GB (27.1 ± 23.8 to 18.5 ± 17.3%; p < 0.001) were observed. Higher plaque reductions were predicted by higher baseline VP levels (p = 0.02), shorter time (< 12 months) elapsed between VP recordings (b = 14.1%, p = 0.02), interproximal cleansing (b = 11.9%, p = 0.03), lower number of sessions for oral hygiene instruction (b = 13.7%, p = 0.02), and presence of pockets ≥ 6 mm (b = − 12.4%, p = 0.02). GB was predicted by time of follow-up > 12 months and baseline VP.

Conclusions

Plaque and gingivitis improved in patients under integrated dental care. Factors related to motivation, oral hygiene practices, and baseline periodontal status might be used as predictors of VP and GB changes.

Clinical relevance

Visible plaque and gingivitis reduced in a sample of patients treated under integrated dental care. Some predictors may determine for which patients the treatment may be maximize and those who will need greater efforts to achieve the therapeutic goal for oral hygiene.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492 - Rio Branco, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil

    Bárbara Rocha Christofoli, Natália Caldeira Silva, João Augusto Peixoto Oliveira, Marilene Issa Fernandes & Alex Nogueira Haas

Authors
  1. Bárbara Rocha Christofoli
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  2. Natália Caldeira Silva
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  3. João Augusto Peixoto Oliveira
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  4. Marilene Issa Fernandes
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  5. Alex Nogueira Haas
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Correspondence to Alex Nogueira Haas.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Christofoli, B.R., Silva, N.C., Oliveira, J.A.P. et al. Predictors of dental plaque and gingivitis in patients receiving integrated dental treatment—a longitudinal retrospective study. Clin Oral Invest 23, 651–659 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2485-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2485-z

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