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Isolating stromal stem cells from periodontal granulation tissues

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Abstract

Stem cell therapy is a promising area in regenerative medicine. Periodontal granulation tissues are often discarded during conventional surgery. If stromal stem cells can be isolated from these tissues, they can be used for subsequent surgery on the same patient. Fifteen human periodontal granulation tissue samples were obtained from intrabony defects during surgery. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out on five of the samples to identify STRO-1, a marker of mesenchymal stem cells. Five samples underwent flow cytometry analysis for the same marker. The remaining five samples were characterized by “colony formation unit-fibroblast” (CFU-f) assay and selected for proliferation assay, flow cytometry of stem cell markers, immunocytochemistry (ICC), multipotent differentiation assays, and repairing critical-size defects in mice. The ratio of STRO-1+ cells detected by IHC was 5.91 ± 1.50%. The analysis of flow cytometry for STRO-1 was 6.70 ± 0.81%. Approximately two thirds of the CFU-f colonies had a strong reaction to STRO-1 in ICC staining. The cells were multipotent both in vitro and in vivo. Mice given bone grafts and stem cells showed significantly better bone healing than those without stem cells. Multipotent stromal stem cells can be isolated from human periodontal granulation tissues. These cells improve new bone formation when transplanted in mouse calvarial defects. Isolating stem cells from relatively accessible sites without extra procedures is clinically advantageous. This study demonstrated that human periodontal granulation tissues contain isolatable multipotent stem cells. The cells may be a good source for autotransplantation in subsequent treatment.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported in part by the National Science Council, Taiwan under grant NSC 96–2314-B-006–069. We would like to thank two anonymous (unknown) reviewers and the editor for their comments.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan

    Tzu-Yuan Hung, Ying-Jen Chan & Kuo Yuan

  2. Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    Hsiang-Chun Lin

  3. Department of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan

    Kuo Yuan

  4. School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Kuo Yuan

Authors
  1. Tzu-Yuan Hung
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  2. Hsiang-Chun Lin
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  3. Ying-Jen Chan
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  4. Kuo Yuan
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Correspondence to Kuo Yuan.

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Hung, TY., Lin, HC., Chan, YJ. et al. Isolating stromal stem cells from periodontal granulation tissues. Clin Oral Invest 16, 1171–1180 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0600-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0600-5

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