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Purification of an antiviral protein from the seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and characterization of its antiviral properties

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Abstract

Plant viral pathogens cause damaging diseases in many agriculture systems, and emerging viral infections are a serious threat for providing adequate food to a continuously growing population. Recent studies of biogenic substances have provided new opportunities for producing novel antiviral agents. The present work has been conducted to evaluate the antiviral activity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds crude extract. The antiviral activity was retained in different buffer solutions of various pH ranges (5.2–8.5) and remained after the diafiltration process. The putative virus inhibitor was sensitive to treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate and trichloroacetic acid. An antiviral protein with ~ 25 kDa molecular weight was isolated from the seed quinoa extract using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion and cation exchange chromatography. The purified protein (Quinoin-I) significantly inhibited TMV on tobacco leaves with an IC50 value at a 6.81 μg/ml concentration. Enzyme activity assay revealed the RNase activity of Quinoin-I, and this feature was retained in the presence of β-mercaptoethanol and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. This antiviral protein has been shown as a promising leading molecule for further development as a novel antiviral agent.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank Dr. Nasrin Kazemipour from the Biochemistry Division, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University for their generous laboratory support.

Funding

This research was funded by Shiraz University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Virology Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Yaser Biniaz & Alireza Afsharifar

  2. Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohammadreza Khalesi

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    Mohammadreza Khalesi

  4. Institute of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Ali Niazi

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  1. Yaser Biniaz
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  2. Mohammadreza Khalesi
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  3. Ali Niazi
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  4. Alireza Afsharifar
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Contributions

YB; methodology, YB; formal analysis, MK; validation, YB, MK; investigation, YB; writing–original draft preparation, MK, AN, AA; reviewed and edited the manuscript, AA; supervision, AA; project administration. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Alireza Afsharifar.

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The study was granted exemption from requiring ethics approval because human participants, their data or biological material were not involved.

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Handling editor: M. Bromke.

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Biniaz, Y., Khalesi, M., Niazi, A. et al. Purification of an antiviral protein from the seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and characterization of its antiviral properties. Amino Acids 55, 19–31 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-022-03200-1

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