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Evaluation of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis as probiotic and Fe ion effects on haematological parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss frys

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Abstract

In this study, the effects of a commercial probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis along with feriron solution were investigated on the haematological parameters of rainbow trout frys. The experiment was carried out in eight treatments and one control group for a period of 60 days after beginning of active feeding. In the experimental treatments, the frys were fed with dry diets containing various ratios of probiotic and feriron solution. The haematological parameters including number of white blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit percent, transferrin, ferritin and IgM concentrations were measured every 10 days over the course of the experiment. According to results, the probiotic receiving treatments had higher WBCs concentration than control group (P < 0.05). The higher values of RBCs, Hct and Hb were observed in fish fed with diet containing feriron solution than other treatments (P < 0.05). The highest values of serum Fe, transferin and ferritin were observed in treatments containing 1.2 × 109 CFU/g probiotic + 7 mg/kg dry diet (T7) or 5 mg/kg dry diet (T8) feriron solution, while lowest values of these parameters were found in treatments containing 1.6 × 109 CFU/g probiotic + 7 mg/kg dry diet (T5) or 5 mg/kg dry diet (T6) feriron solution (P < 0.05). The IgM values had the highest and lowest levels in treatments that had received only probiotic (T1 and T2) (P < 0.05) and those that received only feriron solution (T3 and T4), respectively. In conclusion, the high levels of WBCs and IgM are likely an immunity response to probiotic. Low levels of RBCs, Hct and Hb likely return to low levels of serum in treatments fed by diet without feriron solution. It seems that the Fe ion causes the proliferation of probiotic bacteria and in return probiotics help to digestion and subsequently the bioavailability of elements including Fe ion to serum.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 1616, Lahijan, Iran

    Samira Naseri

  2. Departments of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 1616, Lahijan, Iran

    Hossein Khara

  3. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 163, Qaemshahr, Iran

    Matin Shakoori

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  1. Samira Naseri
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  2. Hossein Khara
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  3. Matin Shakoori
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Correspondence to Samira Naseri or Hossein Khara.

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Naseri, S., Khara, H. & Shakoori, M. Evaluation of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis as probiotic and Fe ion effects on haematological parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss frys. Comp Clin Pathol 24, 1521–1526 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-015-2110-3

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