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Separation/extraction, detection, and interpretation of DNA mixtures in forensic science (review)

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Abstract

Interpreting mixed DNA samples containing material from multiple contributors has long been considered a major challenge in forensic casework, especially when encountering low-template DNA (LT-DNA) or high-order mixtures that may involve missing alleles (dropout) and unrelated alleles (drop-in), among others. In the last decades, extraordinary progress has been made in the analysis of mixed DNA samples, which has led to increasing attention to this research field. The advent of new methods for the separation and extraction of DNA from mixtures, novel or jointly applied genetic markers for detection and reliable interpretation approaches for estimating the weight of evidence, as well as the powerful massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology, has greatly extended the range of mixed samples that can be correctly analyzed. Here, we summarized the investigative approaches and progress in the field of forensic DNA mixture analysis, hoping to provide some assistance to forensic practitioners and to promote further development involving this issue.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC0800703), the Standard Program of Shanghai Municipality (No. 16DZ0501600, No. 16DZ1205500), the Public Interest Research Grant Programs of National Research Institutes (No. GY2017D-2), and the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 81 625013, No. 81772028). The funders had no role in study design, data analysis, publishing decisions, or manuscript preparation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiyang Tao, Shouyu Wang, Yiping Hou & Chengtao Li

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Ministry of Justice, Academy of Forensic Sciences, Shanghai, 200063, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiyang Tao, Jiashuo Zhang, Jingyi Zhang, Zihao Yang, Xiang Sheng, Suhua Zhang & Chengtao Li

  3. Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China

    Jiashuo Zhang, Jingyi Zhang & Xiang Sheng

  4. Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China

    Zihao Yang

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  1. Ruiyang Tao
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Correspondence to Suhua Zhang or Chengtao Li.

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Tao, R., Wang, S., Zhang, J. et al. Separation/extraction, detection, and interpretation of DNA mixtures in forensic science (review). Int J Legal Med 132, 1247–1261 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-018-1862-0

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