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Expression of EAAT-1 distinguishes choroid plexus tumors from normal and reactive choroid plexus epithelium

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Abstract

Microscopic distinction of normal choroid plexus (CP) from choroid plexus tumors (CPT) may be difficult, especially in small samples of well-differentiated CP papillomas. So far, there are no established markers that reliably distinguish normal and neoplastic CP epithelium. Recently, a correlation between expression/function of glial glutamate transporters EAAT-1 (GLAST) and EAAT-2 (Glt-1) and tumor proliferation has been reported. Furthermore, we previously found that CPTs frequently express EAAT-1, but not EAAT-2. We now compared expression of EAAT-1, EAAT-2 and GFAP in non-neoplastic CP (n = 68) and CPT (n = 79) by immunohistochemistry. Tissue of normal CP was obtained from 50 autopsy cases (20 normal and 30 pathologic brains) and 18 neurosurgical specimens that included 17 fetal, 21 pediatric and 30 adult cases. In non-neoplastic postnatal CP (n = 51), focal expression of EAAT-1 was found in only two pediatric cases (4%). In CPT, expression of EAAT-1 was found in 64 of 79 (81%) tumor samples and was significantly age-dependent (P < 0.0001). Hence, EAAT-1 expression distinguishes neoplastic from normal CP, both in children (P = 0.0032) and in adults (P < 0.0001). Immunostaining for EAAT-2 in selected samples from cases of different ages showed that normal CP (n = 15) or CPT (n = 16) lacked EAAT-2 expression. GFAP expression was found in 3 of 32 (10%) normal CP and in 28 of 73 (38%) tumor samples. In conclusion, in contrast to neoplastic CP samples, expression of EAAT-1 is exceptionally rare in non-neoplastic CP. Thus, EAAT-1 is superior to GFAP as a helpful diagnostic tool in CP samples.

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank Prof. Shigehisa Hirose for providing the Kir 7.1 antibody, Katrin Trautmann and Thorsten Schmidt for excellent technical assistance, and Elisabeth Rushing for her help with the English.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University, Calwerstr. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Rudi Beschorner, Georgios Pantazis, Richard Meyermann & Jens Schittenhelm

  2. Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany

    Astrid Jeibmann

  3. Department of Medical Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Jana Boy

  4. Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Michel Mittelbronn

  5. Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

    Michel Mittelbronn

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  1. Rudi Beschorner
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  2. Georgios Pantazis
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  3. Astrid Jeibmann
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  4. Jana Boy
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  5. Richard Meyermann
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  7. Jens Schittenhelm
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Correspondence to Rudi Beschorner.

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Beschorner, R., Pantazis, G., Jeibmann, A. et al. Expression of EAAT-1 distinguishes choroid plexus tumors from normal and reactive choroid plexus epithelium. Acta Neuropathol 117, 667–675 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-009-0519-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-009-0519-y

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