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The association between frequency of away-from home meals and type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural Chinese adults: the Henan Rural Cohort Study

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Abstract

Purpose

There is a paucity of data on the association between away-from home meals (AFHs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the dose–response relationship between AFHs and T2DM in a Chinese population.

Methods

A total of 29,910 participants were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Information on the weekly frequency of AFHs was collected by face-to-face questionnaires. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship between the frequencies of AFHs and T2DM. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the contribution of body mass index (BMI) to the frequency of AFH-related T2DM.

Results

Compared with those who reported 0 AFHs per week, those who consumed ≥ 11 AFHs/week were associated with a 39% increase in the prevalence of T2DM. A nonlinear dose–response relationship between the frequency of AFHs and T2DM was found. Compared with the 0 AFHs/week group, in males, the multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the groups with 11 or more AFHs/week for T2DM were 1.36 (1.01–1.84). However, no such association was found in females. BMI partly mediated the effects of the frequency of AFHs on T2DM, and the proportion explained was 23.4%.

Conclusions

A relationship between the frequency of AFHs and T2DM was observed in the rural Chinese population. An excessive frequency of AFHs was likely to increase the prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, BMI partially mediates the effects of the frequency of AFHs on T2DM.

Trial registration

The Henan Rural Cohort Study, ChiCTR-OOC-15006699, Registered 6 July 2015, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

AFHs:

Away-from home meals

T2DM:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

BMI:

Body mass index

OR:

Odds ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

AFH:

Away-from home

RMB:

Renminbi

SD:

Standard deviation

GLU:

Glucose

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the villagers who took part in this study, the research team and hospital staff for their cooperation and assistance.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program Precision Medicine Initiative of China (Grant no: 2016YFC0900803), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos: 81872626, 81573151, 81573243), Henan Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no: 182300410293), Science and Technology Foundation for Innovation Talent of Henan Province (Grant no: 154200510010). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People’s Republic of China

    Bingya Wang, Yuan Xue, Dongdong Zhang, Chang Liu, Songcheng Yu, Fang Shen, Yujing Zhang, Wenjie Li & Xing Li

  2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People’s Republic of China

    Dou Qiao, Xue Liu, Zhenxing Mao & Chongjian Wang

  3. Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People’s Republic of China

    Le Liu

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  1. Bingya Wang
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Contributions

XL and WJL conceived and designed the experiments. BYW, DQ, YX, and CL performed and conducted the experiments. BYW, DQ, XL, and YX analyzed the data and take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the information. BYW, DQ, ZXM, SCY, XL, CJW, and LL contributed to the reagents/materials/analysis tools. BYW, DQ, DDZ, FS, YJZ, XL, and WJL drafted and revised the manuscript. All authors have approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xing Li.

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Conflict of interest

All authors have read and approved this version of the article, and due care has been taken to ensure the integrity of the work. Moreover, Bingya Wang, Dou Qiao, Yuan Xue, Xue Liu, Dongdong Zhang, Le Liu, Chang Liu, Zhenxing Mao, Songcheng Yu, Xing Li, Fang Shen, Yujing Zhang, Chongjian Wang, and Wenjie Li declare that they have no competing or financial interests to disclosure.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Ethics approval was obtained from the “Zhengzhou University Life Science Ethics Committee”, and written informed consent was obtained for all participants. Ethic approval code: [2015] MEC (S128).

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Wang, B., Liu, L., Qiao, D. et al. The association between frequency of away-from home meals and type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural Chinese adults: the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Eur J Nutr 59, 3815–3825 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02212-5

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