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Effects of de-alcoholised wines with different polyphenol content on DNA oxidative damage, gene expression of peripheral lymphocytes, and haemorheology: an intervention study in post-menopausal women

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Abstract

Purpose

Epidemiological studies suggest that a moderate consumption of wine is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and with a reduced mortality for all causes, possibly due to increased antioxidant defences. The present intervention study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo effects of wine polyphenols on gene expression in humans, along with their supposed antioxidant activity.

Methods

Blood haemorheology and platelet function were also evaluated. In order to avoid interferences from alcohol, we used de-alcoholised wine (DAW) with different polyphenol content. A randomised cross-over trial of high-proanthocyanidin (PA) red DAW (500 mL/die, PA dose = 7 mg/kg b.w.) vs. low-PA rosé DAW (500 mL/die, PA dose = 0.45 mg/kg) was conducted in 21 post-menopausal women in Florence, Italy. Oxidative DNA damage by the comet assay and gene expression by microarray was measured in peripheral blood lymphocytes, collected during the study period. Blood samples were also collected for the evaluation of haematological, haemostatic, haemorheological, and inflammatory parameters.

Results

The results of the present study provide evidence that consumption of substantial amounts of de-alcoholised wine for 1 month does not exert a protective activity towards oxidative DNA damage, nor modifies significantly the gene expression profile of peripheral lymphocytes, whereas it shows blood-fluidifying actions, expressed as a significant decrease in blood viscosity. However, this effect does not correlate with the dosage of polyphenols of the de-alcoholised wine.

Conclusions

More intervention studies are needed to provide further evidence of the health-protective effects of wine proanthocyanidins.

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Acknowledgments

We are very grateful to the volunteers who donated their time and adjusted their ordinary lifestyle to participate in this demanding study. We also thank Magali Bes (INRA-Unité Expérimentale de Pech Rouge, Gruissan, France) for making the DAW. The study was supported by the the EU program FLAVO 2005-513960, the Network of Excellence in Nutrigenomics, NuGO FOOD-CT-2004-506360, the Ministero della Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (Italy), and the University of Florence.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy

    Lisa Giovannelli, Vanessa Pitozzi, Cristina Luceri, Lucia Giannini, Simona Toti & Piero Dolara

  2. Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy

    Simonetta Salvini, Francesco Sera & Domenico Palli

  3. INRA, UMR1083 Sciences Pour l’Oenologie, 34060, Montpellier, France

    Jean-Marc Souquet & Veronique Cheynier

  4. Regional Agency of Nutrition, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Francesco Sofi

  5. Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca e la Valorizzazione degli Alimenti, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Francesco Sofi & Rosanna Abbate

  6. Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, Thrombosis Centre, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Lucia Mannini, Anna Maria Gori & Rosanna Abbate

  7. Centro S. Maria agli Ulivi, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Impruneta, 50134, Florence, Italy

    Anna Maria Gori

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  1. Lisa Giovannelli
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  2. Vanessa Pitozzi
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  3. Cristina Luceri
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Correspondence to Lisa Giovannelli.

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Giovannelli, L., Pitozzi, V., Luceri, C. et al. Effects of de-alcoholised wines with different polyphenol content on DNA oxidative damage, gene expression of peripheral lymphocytes, and haemorheology: an intervention study in post-menopausal women. Eur J Nutr 50, 19–29 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-010-0111-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-010-0111-1

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