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Geometric Characteristics of Tropical Cyclone Eyes before Landfall in South China based on Ground-Based Radar Observations

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Abstract

The geometric characteristics of tropical cyclone (TC) eyes before landfall in South China are examined using ground-based radar reflectivity. It is found that the median and mean eye area decrease with TC intensity, except for the severe typhoon category, and the eye size increases with height. The increasing rate of eye size is relatively greater in upper layers. Moreover, the ratio of eye size change in the vertical direction does not correlate with TC intensity. No relationship is presented between the ratio of eye size change in the vertical direction and the vertical wind shear. No relationship between the vertical change in eye size and the eye size at a certain level is found, inconsistent with other studies. No relationship exists between the vertical change in eye size and the intensity tendency. The eye roundness values range mainly from 0.5 to 0.7, and more intense TCs generally have eyes that are more circular.

摘要

本研究利用地基雷达反射率研究登陆华南的热带气旋在登陆前眼的几何特征. 研究发现尽管眼的面积有随热带气旋的增强而减小的趋势, 但这种关系在台风和强台风强度之间不成立. 眼的面积随高度增加, 且在对流层高层增大较快. 眼的面积在垂直方向上的变化与强度、强度变化、垂直风切变及眼本身大小没有统计关系. 眼的圆度值大多集中于0.5-0.7之间, 通常热带气旋越强则眼越圆.

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Acknowledgements

This work was jointly supported by the National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB452803), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC1501601), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41475058, 41730961 and 41575083), the Basic Research Fund of CAMS (Grant No. 2016Z003), and the Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (TAPP).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Xiaotong Zhu & Jinhua Yu

  2. Pacific Typhoon Research Center, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Qingqing Li

  3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China

    Qingqing Li

  4. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Dan Wu

  5. Key Laboratory for Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Kai Yao

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Zhu, X., Li, Q., Yu, J. et al. Geometric Characteristics of Tropical Cyclone Eyes before Landfall in South China based on Ground-Based Radar Observations. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 35, 592–603 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-017-7144-9

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