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Grid-cell aerosol direct shortwave radiative forcing calculated using the SBDART model with MODIS and AERONET observations: An application in winter and summer in eastern China

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Abstract

Taking winter and summer in eastern China as an example application, a grid-cell method of aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) calculation is examined using the Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model with inputs from MODIS and AERONET observations and reanalysis data. Results show that there are significant seasonal and regional differences in climatological mean aerosol optical parameters and ADRF. Higher aerosol optical depth (AOD) occurs in summer and two prominent high aerosol loading centers are observed. Higher single scattering albedo (SSA) in summer is likely associated with the weak absorbing secondary aerosols. SSA is higher in North China during summer but higher in South China during winter. Aerosols induce negative forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and surface during both winter and summer, which may be responsible for the decrease in temperature and the increase in relative humidity. Values of ADRF at the surface are four times stronger than those at the TOA. Both AOD and ADRF present strong interannual variations; however, their amplitudes are larger in summer. Moreover, patterns and trends of ADRF do not always correspond well to those of AOD. Differences in the spatial distributions of ADRF between strong and weak monsoon years are captured effectively. Generally, the present results justify that to calculate grid-cell ADRF at a large scale using the SBDART model with observational aerosol optical properties and reanalysis data is an effective approach.

摘要

本文利用SBDART模式, 结合MODIS和AERONET提供的气溶胶数据以及再分析数据, 并以中国东部冬、夏季节为例, 提出了一种模拟计算格点尺度上气溶胶直接辐射强迫的方法.结果表明, 气溶胶光学参数和直接辐射强迫存在明显的季节变化和区域差异.对于光学厚度而言, 夏季的值要明显高于冬季, 且夏季时中国东部存在两个明显的高值区. 对于单次散射反照率来说, 夏季的值也高于冬季, 这主要与夏季时弱吸收性的二次气溶胶增多有关, 且从空间分布上来看, 夏季时中国北方的单次散射反照率值高于南方, 冬季时正相反. 对于中国东部冬、夏季而言, 气溶胶在大气顶和地面层都会造成负的辐射强迫, 且在地面的辐射强迫为大气顶辐射强迫的四倍. 气溶胶的辐射强迫对地面层有明显的降温增湿效果. 除季节变化外, 气溶胶光学厚度和辐射强迫也都表现出明显的年际变化, 且夏季时年际变化比冬季时剧烈. 但是受到单次散射反照率影响, 辐射强迫的年际变化情况并不总是与光学厚度的完全对应. 本文还研究了气溶胶辐射强迫与季风活动的关系, 结果表明气溶胶辐射强迫的空间分布在季风强弱年时存在明显差异. 总体而言, 本文的研究结果表明在较大尺度的区域内, 利用SBDART模式并结合气溶胶观测资料和再分析资料进行格点尺度上气溶胶直接辐射强迫模拟计算的方法是有效的.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the comments and suggestions of the editors and anonymous reviewers. We thank the AERONET principal investigators and their staff for establishing and maintaining the AERONET sites used in this investigation. This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant No. XDA05100303), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41230419, 91337213 and 41075041), and the Special Funds for PublicWelfare of China (Grant No. GYHY201306077).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Yunfei Fu, Jiachen Zhu, Yuanjian Yang, Renmin Yuan, Guosheng Liu, Tao Xian & Peng Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Satellite Remote Sensing of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China

    Yunfei Fu & Yuanjian Yang

  3. Anhui Academy for Environmental Science Research, Hefei, 230071, China

    Peng Liu

  4. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida FL, 32306-4520, USA

    Guosheng Liu

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  1. Yunfei Fu
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  2. Jiachen Zhu
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Correspondence to Yunfei Fu.

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Fu, Y., Zhu, J., Yang, Y. et al. Grid-cell aerosol direct shortwave radiative forcing calculated using the SBDART model with MODIS and AERONET observations: An application in winter and summer in eastern China. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 34, 952–964 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-017-6226-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-017-6226-z

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