References
Gopalakrishnan V et al (2018) The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Cell 33:570–580
Cremonesi E, Governa V, Garzon JFG et al (2018) Gut microbiota modulate T cell trafficking into human colorectal cancer. Gut 67:1984–1994
Routy B, Le Chatelier E, Derosa L et al (2018) Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors. Science 359:91–97
Derosa L, Hellmann MD, Spaziano M (2018) Negative association of antibiotics on clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced renal cell and non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 29:1437–1444
Keiser RJ, Huitema ADR, Schellens JMH, Beijnen JH (2010) Clinical pharmacokinetics of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Clin Pharmacokinet 49:493–507
Ternant D, Azzopardi N, Raoul W et al (2018) Influence of antigen mass on the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic antibodies in humans. Clin Pharmacokinet 58(2):169–187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-018-0680-3
Feng Y, Wang X, Bajaj C et al (2017) Nivolumab exposure-response analyses of efficacy and safety in previously treated squamous or non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 23:5394–5405
Nenu I, Gafencu GA, Popescu T, Kacso G (2017) Lactate—a new frontier in the immunology and therapy of prostate cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 13:406–411
Zimmermann M, Zimmermann-Kogadeeva M, Wegmann R, Goodman AL (2019) Separating host and microbiome contributions to drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Science 363:1. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat9931
Casanovas Blanco M (2018) Critical review of emergency department management of chemotherapy complications in cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Care 28(2):e12974. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12974
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
Ethical standards
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Milano, G. Efficacy of immunotherapy, gut microbiota and impact of antibiotic use: are there confounding factors?. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 84, 223–224 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-019-03833-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-019-03833-2