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Fully navigated 3 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of liver metastases with inner-volume saturation

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Abdominal Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To demonstrate that fully navigated magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with inner-volume saturation (IVS) at 3 T results in high-quality spectra that permit evaluating metabolic changes in hepatic metastases without the need for patient compliance.

Methods

Nine patients with untreated, biopsy-proven large hepatic metastases (minimum diameter of 3 cm) were included. In each patient, localized proton MRS was performed in the metastatic lesion and in uninvolved liver parenchyma. To improve quality and consistency of proton MRS, navigator gating was thereby performed not only during acquisition of the spectroscopic data but also during localization imaging and throughout the preparation phases. IVS was utilized to reduce chemical shift displacement between different metabolites and to diminish flow artifacts. Metabolite quantities were normalized relative to the unsuppressed water peak and choline-containing compounds (CCC) to lipid ratios were determined. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess differences in the amounts of lipids and CCC as well as the CCC-to-lipid ratios between liver metastases and normal-appearing liver parenchyma.

Results

Fully navigated point-resolved spectroscopy with IVS resulted in high-quality spectra in all patients. Navigator gating during localization imaging and spectroscopic acquisition thereby ensured a precise localization of the spectroscopic voxel. Decreased quantities of lipid and CCC were observed in metastatic tissue compared with uninvolved liver parenchyma. However, the latter trend fell short of statistical significance. Moreover, elevated levels of the CCC-to-lipid ratios were detected in metastatic tissue relative to normal-appearing liver parenchyma.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrates that fully navigated MRS of the liver with IVS at 3 T allows for a precise localization of the spectroscopic voxel and results in high-quality spectra that permit evaluating liver metabolism without the need for patient compliance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Hirslanden Hospital St. Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland

    Carolin Reischauer & Andreas Gutzeit

  2. Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Carolin Reischauer & Andreas Hock

  3. Department of Radiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

    Carolin Reischauer & Andreas Gutzeit

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy of Psychosomatics, Zurich University Hospital for Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland

    Andreas Hock

  5. Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany

    Andreas Hock

  6. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland

    Orpheus Kolokythas & Christoph A. Binkert

Authors
  1. Carolin Reischauer
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  2. Andreas Hock
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  3. Orpheus Kolokythas
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  4. Christoph A. Binkert
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  5. Andreas Gutzeit
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carolin Reischauer.

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Funding

No funding was received for this study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Institutional review board approval and waiver for informed consent was obtained for this retrospective study.

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Reischauer, C., Hock, A., Kolokythas, O. et al. Fully navigated 3 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of liver metastases with inner-volume saturation. Abdom Radiol 42, 2615–2622 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1173-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1173-9

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