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Parametric response mapping of dynamic CT as an imaging biomarker to distinguish viability of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

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Abstract

Purpose

Accurate assessment of viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is important for therapy planning. The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic value of a novel image analysis method called parametric response mapping (PRM) in predicting viability of tumor in HCC treated with TACE for dynamic CT images.

Methods

35 patients who had 35 iodized-oil defect areas (IODAs) in HCCs treated with TACE were included in our study. These patients were divided into two groups, one group with viable tumors (n = 22) and the other group with non-viable tumors (n = 13) in the IODA. All patients were followed up using triple-phase dynamic CT after the treatment. We compared (a) manual analysis, (b) using PRM results, and (c) using PRM results with automatic classifier to distinguish between two tumor groups based on dynamic CT images from two longitudinal exams. Two radiologists performed the manual analysis. The PRM approach was implemented using prototype software. We adopted an off-the-shelf k nearest neighbor (kNN) classifier and leave-one-out cross-validation for the third approach. The area under the curve (AUC) values were compared for three approaches.

Results

Manual analysis yielded AUC of 0.74, using PRM results yielded AUC of 0.84, and using PRM results with an automatic classifier yielded AUC of 0.87.

Conclusions

We improved upon the standard manual analysis approach by adopting a novel image analysis method of PRM combined with an automatic classifier.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea grant 2012R1A2A2A01005939 and 2010-0023233. This study was also supported in part by the Mid-career Researcher Program (NRF-2013R1A2A2A04016262) through a National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning.

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Correspondence to Hyunjin Park.

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Choi, S.J., Kim, J., Seo, J. et al. Parametric response mapping of dynamic CT as an imaging biomarker to distinguish viability of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Abdom Imaging 39, 518–525 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-014-0087-z

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