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KIR gene diversity in Mexican mestizos of San Luis Potosí

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Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cell function is regulated by different types of membrane-bound receptors of which killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are the most complex and diverse. KIRs are encoded by 17 different genes located within the leukocyte receptor complex (19q13.4). The frequency with which KIR gene features are present in different human populations differs. Here, we present our results on the KIR gene diversity observed in a large group of mestizos from the central Mexican city of San Luis Potosí. In total, 53 different KIR genotypes were observed, 47 with previously described gene profiles and six harboring novel KIR gene combinations. Group A homozygous haplotypes were seen in 102 individuals (34%), while group B homozygous haplotypes were present in 45 (15%). Heterozygous combinations of groups A and B haplotypes were seen in 153 individuals (51%). Haplotype frequency estimations based on a true content of 600 chromosomes showed a relatively balanced proportion of group A (59.5%) and group B (40.5%) haplotypes in our study population. A homozygous combination of the cA01|tA01 haplotype was present in 33% of the population with other frequent combinations being cA01|tA01, cB03|tB01 in 14.7% and cA01|tA01, cB02|tA01 in 12%. The dendrogram derived from activating KIR gene phylogenetic analysis revealed five clearly distinct clades corresponding to African, East Asian, Arab/Caucasoid, Mexican mestizo/Amerindian and South Asian populations. Our results illustrate the genetic contribution that Caucasoid and Amerindian populations have made toward present-day Mexicans and suggest an important Southeast Asian genetic contribution to native Amerindian populations.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by funds from the Mexican Secretaría de Educación Pública y Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SEP/CONACYT) grant number #55360 and the Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP) of the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi (UASLP-PTC-155), México.

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  1. Laboratorio de Genómica Viral y Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Venustiano Carranza #2405, Colonia Filtros las Lomas, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, México

    Diana Lorena Alvarado-Hernández, Daniel Hernández-Ramírez & Christian Alberto García-Sepúlveda

  2. Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México

    Diana Lorena Alvarado-Hernández & Daniel Ernesto Noyola

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Correspondence to Christian Alberto García-Sepúlveda.

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Alvarado-Hernández, D.L., Hernández-Ramírez, D., Noyola, D.E. et al. KIR gene diversity in Mexican mestizos of San Luis Potosí. Immunogenetics 63, 561–575 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-011-0540-x

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