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Acknowledgments
We thank Miss Lydia Kerr, Naples FL, for revising the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Thomas Biesgen, Trier, and Dr. Michaela Hladik, Salzburg from Interplast-Germany for assisting in the first operations.
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For this type of study formal consent from a local ethics committee is not required.
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Arthur Charpentier and Gottfried Lemperle declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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The illiterate patients provided verbal consent to G.L. for the inclusion in this study and use of their images.
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Charpentier, A., Lemperle, G. Simultaneous total upper and lower lip reconstruction during a humanitarian surgical mission to Africa. Eur J Plast Surg 40, 79–82 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00238-016-1232-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00238-016-1232-4