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Determination of six benzotriazole ultraviolet filters in water and cosmetic samples by graphene sponge-based solid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography

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Abstract

An approach for fabrication of graphene sponge (GS)-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) is proposed, which was applied to determine the six benzotriazole UV filters in water and cosmetic samples. Several extraction conditions including type of elution solvent, the volume of elution solvent, and salt effect were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the GS-SPE-HPLC-UV method shows a low limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 0.02–0.08 μg L−1 for standard solution, limits of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 10) of 0.07–0.26 μg L−1 for standard solution, wide linear ranges from 20.0 to 1000 μg L−1 for all compounds for standard solution, correlation coefficients (r) of more than 0.999, except for 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-P), and acceptable reproducibility (relative standard deviations, RSDs < 6.5% for intra-day, RSDs < 8.1% for inter-day). The satisfactory recoveries were obtained in the range 89–105% with RSDs lower than 9.8% at the three spiked levels of 20, 50, and 100 μg L−1. Every home-made GS-SPE cartridge can be reused for more than 60 cycles. The method is facile, low-cost, rapid, sensitive, and suitable for the determination of UV filters in water and cosmetics samples.

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Acknowledgments

This work was generously supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21467028 and 21777129); the Program for Innovative Research Group of Gansu Province, China (Grant No.1210RJIA001); Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province and the Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China

    Xuemei Wang, Juan Wang, Tongtong Du, Haixia Kou, Xinzhen Du & Xiaoquan Lu

  2. Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China

    Xuemei Wang, Xinzhen Du & Xiaoquan Lu

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  1. Xuemei Wang
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  2. Juan Wang
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  3. Tongtong Du
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  4. Haixia Kou
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  5. Xinzhen Du
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Correspondence to Xuemei Wang.

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Wang, X., Wang, J., Du, T. et al. Determination of six benzotriazole ultraviolet filters in water and cosmetic samples by graphene sponge-based solid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 6955–6962 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1301-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1301-6

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