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Characterization of bioactive compounds of Annona cherimola L. leaves using a combined approach based on HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS and NMR

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Abstract

Annona cherimola Mill. (cherimoya) has widely been used as food crop. The leaves of this tree possess several health benefits, which are, in general, attributed mainly to its bioactive composition. However, literature concerning a comprehensive characterization based on a combined approach, which consists of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF-MS), from these leaves is scarce. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the polar profile of full extracts of cherimoya leaves by using these tools. Thus, a total of 77 compounds have been characterized, 12 of which were identified by both techniques. Briefly, 23 compounds were classified as amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, cholines, phenolic acid derivatives, and flavonoids by NMR, while 66 metabolites were divided into sugars, amino acids, phenolic acids and derivatives, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and other polar compounds by HPLC-TOF-MS. It is worth mentioning that different solvent mixtures were tested and the total phenolic content in the extracts quantified (TPC via HPLC-TOF-MS). The tendency observed was EtOH/water 80/20 (v/v) (17.0 ± 0.2 mg TPC/g leaf dry weight (d.w.)) ≥ acetone/water 70/30 (v/v) (16.1 ± 0.7 mg TPC/g leaf d.w.) > EtOH/water 70/30 (v/v) (14.0 ± 0.3 mg TPC/g leaf d.w.) > acetone/water 80/20 (v/v) (13.5 ± 0.4 mg TPC/g leaf d.w.). Importantly, flavonoids derivatives were between 63 and 76% of the TPC in those extracts. Major compounds were sucrose, glucose (α and β), and proline, and chlorogenic acid and rutin for NMR and HPLC-TOF-MS, respectively.

The combined use of LC-HRMS and NMR is a potential synergic combination for a comprehensive metabolite composition of cherimoya leaves

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Acknowledgments

Vito Verardo thanks the MINECO for his “Ramon y Cajal” contract.

Funding

This work was funded by projects AGL2015-67995-C3-2-R (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation), P11-CTS-7625, and P12-FQM-2668 (Andalusian Regional Government Council of Innovation and Science).

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Author notes

  1. Ignacio Fernández and David Arráez-Román contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Elixabet Díaz-de-Cerio, Ana María Gómez-Caravaca, Alberto Fernández-Gutiérrez & David Arráez-Román

  2. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120, Almeria, Spain

    Luis Manuel Aguilera-Saez & Ignacio Fernández

  3. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Vito Verardo

  4. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avd. del Conocimiento s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Vito Verardo

  5. Health Science Technological Park, Research and Development Functional Food Centre, Avd. del Conocimiento 36, Bioregion building, 18016, Granada, Spain

    David Arráez-Román

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  1. Elixabet Díaz-de-Cerio
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  2. Luis Manuel Aguilera-Saez
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Correspondence to David Arráez-Román.

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Published in the topical collection Discovery of Bioactive Compounds with guest editors Aldo Laganà, Anna Laura Capriotti and Chiara Cavaliere.

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Díaz-de-Cerio, E., Aguilera-Saez, L.M., Gómez-Caravaca, A.M. et al. Characterization of bioactive compounds of Annona cherimola L. leaves using a combined approach based on HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS and NMR. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 3607–3619 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1051-5

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