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Chemometrics-assisted microfluidic paper-based analytical device for the determination of uric acid by silver nanoparticle plasmon resonance

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Abstract

This manuscript reports on the application of chemometric methods for the development of an optimized microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). As an example, we applied chemometric methods for both device optimization and data processing of results of a colorimetric uric acid assay. Box–Behnken designs (BBD) were utilized for the optimization of the device geometry and the amount of thermal inkjet-deposited assay reagents, which affect the assay performance. Measurement outliers were detected in real time by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of scanned images. The colorimetric assay mechanism is based on the on-device formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through the interaction of uric acid, ammonia, and poly(vinyl alcohol) with silver ions under mild basic conditions. The yellow color originating from visible light absorption by localized surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs can be detected by the naked eye or, more quantitatively, with a simple flat-bed scanner. Under optimized conditions, the linearity of the calibration curve ranges from 0.1–5 × 10−3 mol L−1 of uric acid with a limit of detection of 33.9 × 10−6 mol L−1 and a relative standard of deviation 4.5% (n = 3 for determination of 5.0 × 10−3 mol L−1 uric acid).

A chemometrics-assisted microfluidic paper-based analytical device was developed as a low-cost and rapid platform for the determination of uric acid (UA). The detection method is based on the chemical interaction of UA, ammonia, and polyvinyl alcohol under mild basic condition with silver ions inducing formation of yellow silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge professor Lutgarde M.C. Buydens (Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands) for her help and advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan

    Vahid Hamedpour, Koji Suzuki & Daniel Citterio

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

    Geert J. Postma & Jeroen J. Jansen

  3. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands

    Edwin van den Heuvel

Authors
  1. Vahid Hamedpour
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  2. Geert J. Postma
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  3. Edwin van den Heuvel
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  4. Jeroen J. Jansen
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  5. Koji Suzuki
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  6. Daniel Citterio
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Correspondence to Daniel Citterio.

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Informed consent of the participant who provided the urine sample was obtained.

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Hamedpour, V., Postma, G.J., van den Heuvel, E. et al. Chemometrics-assisted microfluidic paper-based analytical device for the determination of uric acid by silver nanoparticle plasmon resonance. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 2305–2313 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-0879-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-0879-z

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