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Screening of plant growth promoting attributes and arsenic remediation efficacy of bacteria isolated from agricultural soils of Chhattisgarh

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) resistant indigenous bacteria with discrete minimum inhibitory concentration values for arsenate [As(V)] and arsenite [As(III)] were isolated from the paddy fields of different regions of Chhattisgarh, India, following enrichment culture technique. Evaluation of the plant growth promoting (PGP) properties of the isolates revealed that two rod-shaped Gram-positive bacteria viz., ARP2 and ART2 acquired various PGP traits, including phosphate solubilization, production of siderophore, indole acetic acid, ammonia, and exopolysaccharide. Both the isolates significantly increased (40–80%) the root length of Oryza sativa L. even under As-exposure. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene identified these isolates as Bacillus nealsonii strain ARP2 and Bacillus tequilensis strain ART2, respectively. Isolate ARP2 exhibited arsenate reductase activity thereby rapidly reduced As(V) into As(III), achieving a reduction rate of 37.5 μM min−1. Alike, strain ART2 was capable of oxidizing As(III) into As(V) via arsenite oxidase enzyme, and revealed the oxidation rate of 21.8 μM min−1. Quantitative estimation of As through atomic absorption spectrophotometer revealed that the isolates ARP2 and ART2 removed 93 ± 0.2% and 77 ± 0.14% of As(V) and As(III), respectively, from As-containing culture media. The FTIR analysis showed the interaction of As with the cell membrane and was further confirmed by SEM and TEM techniques, which marked the increase in cell volume owing to successive accumulation of As. The As-resistant and PGP properties of above two isolates demonstrates their potentiality for sustainable bioremediation of As, and establishment of flora in As-rich environment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, Chandigarh, for 16S rRNA sequencing. We extend our gratitude to Dr. Amit Dubey, Scientist 'D', Chhattisgarh Council of Science & Technology, Raipur, for HG-AAS facilities. Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility (AIRF) of JNU, New Delhi is equally acknowledged for SEM and TEM analysis.

Funding

The study was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, through National Post-Doctoral Fellowship (Sanction No: PDF/2016/002813, dated 16.08.2017) and the project of Chhattisgarh Council of Science & Technology, Raipur (Sanction No: 2819/CCOST/MRP/2017, dated 27.11.2017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010, India

    Neha Pandey & Keshavkant Sahu

  2. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560 056, India

    Neha Pandey & Kiragandur Manjunath

  3. Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), K. Narayanapura, Kothanur, Bengaluru, 560 077, India

    Neha Pandey

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  1. Neha Pandey
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Correspondence to Keshavkant Sahu.

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Pandey, N., Manjunath, K. & Sahu, K. Screening of plant growth promoting attributes and arsenic remediation efficacy of bacteria isolated from agricultural soils of Chhattisgarh. Arch Microbiol 202, 567–578 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01773-2

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