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Low femoral component prominence negatively influences early revision rate in robotic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The revision rate of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is higher than in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and implant positioning may play a role. In combination with a pre-operative CT, robotic UKA may provide the ability to position the implants more precisely. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of component prominence relative to the native joint surface on early outcomes and revisions. The hypothesis was that aiming for restoration of joint space to 0.5–1.5 mm will improve outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 94 patients undergoing robotic-assisted UKA (Mako, Stryker) was performed. The ‘prominence’ of the implant surface relative to the native bony surface in sagittal plane, hip–knee–ankle (HKA) correction in coronal plane was documented intraoperatively. The mean achieved gap between two components under valgus stress captured in at least 5 different flexion angles was calculated. These were then analysed for impact on early revision rate and outcomes, stratified by gender.

Results

Median HKA correction was 3.5° (range 0°–9.5°). Median femoral prominence was 1.5 mm (range − 0.6 to 4 mm) and median tibial prominence was 4.3 mm (2–7 mm). The median achieved gap was 1.0 mm (− 1.2 to 2.8 mm). There was no difference in achieved correction between men and women (p = n.s.) but men had a higher achieved combined prominence than women (p < 0.001). PROMs did not correlate with the average gap (p = n.s.) nor with combined prominence (p = n.s.). Two patients underwent an early revision. Lower femoral prominence was a significant predictor of revision (p = 0.045; OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.000–0.918).

Conclusion

Female patients need less component prominence to achieve the same average gap balance through a range of motion, without correlation with patient’s height. Intraoperatively low femoral prominence could be a reason for early revision.

Level of evidence

IV.

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Funding

The research has been performed at the North Shore Hospital. No funding was received for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand

    Antonio Klasan, Sherina Holland & Simon W. Young

  2. Stryker Orthopaedics, Auckland, New Zealand

    Matthew Carter

Authors
  1. Antonio Klasan
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  2. Matthew Carter
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  3. Sherina Holland
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  4. Simon W. Young
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Contributions

MC, SWY and AK conceptualised the study. SWY, SH and MC gathered the data. AK and SH analysed the data. AK and SWY interpreted the data. AK and MC drafted the manuscript, SWY revised it. All authors have given approval for the final version of the manuscript. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Klasan.

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Conflict of interest

AK has received research support from Implantcast, unrelated to this study. MC is an employee of Stryker Corporation. SWY has received research support and is a consultant for Stryker. SH has no conflicts to declare.

Ethical approval

The study was reviewed by our local ethical board prior to commencement (HDECS 28/6/2019).

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Klasan, A., Carter, M., Holland, S. et al. Low femoral component prominence negatively influences early revision rate in robotic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28, 3906–3911 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-05886-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-05886-w

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