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Timing and tectonic setting of tin mineralization in southern Myanmar: constraints from cassiterite and wolframite U–Pb ages

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Abstract

The southern Myanmar tin ore district is an important part of the well-known Southeast Asia tin belt (SATB), and hosts numerous economically important primary tin-tungsten ore deposits. However, the timing of formation of these deposits is unclear due to the scarcity of robust age data. The tectonic setting of tin mineralization in this area also needs to be further constrained. Most of the primary tin-tungsten ore deposits in southern Myanmar are typical hydrothermal quartz vein–type, with cassiterite and wolframite as the main ore minerals. Here, we present in situ U–Pb ages of cassiterite and wolframite from nine granite-related hydrothermal Sn–W deposits in southern Myanmar. Cassiterite samples from the Hermyingyi, Thitkhatoe, Thaling Taung, Kalonta, Taungphila, Pagaye, Bawapin, Kanbauk, and Letha Taung deposits yield common lead-corrected weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 61.6 ± 0.8 Ma, 61.9 ± 0.6 Ma, 60.4 ± 0.9 Ma, 63.0 ± 0.6 Ma, 62.9 ± 0.6 Ma, 69.5 ± 0.5 Ma, 63.6 ± 0.6 Ma, 61.3 ± 0.6 Ma, and 84.9 ± 0.5 Ma, respectively. Wolframite samples collected from these deposits also yield consistent ages with the cassiterite samples. These ages, combined with available tin mineralization ages from other deposits in the western part of the SATB, define three epochs of Sn metallogeny related to three contrasting geodynamic settings: (1) Early Cretaceous (~ 125–110 Ma) mineralization is related to post-collision slab break-off after collision between the West Burma terrane and the Sibumasu-Tengchong terrane; (2) Late Cretaceous to Paleocene (~ 90–60 Ma) mineralization developed in an Andean-type accretionary setting during subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere; (3) Early Eocene (~ 50–40 Ma) mineralization may have formed in a post-collision setting after the India-Asia collision.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Yue-Heng Yang for assistance during wolframite U–Pb dating. The manuscript benefited from constructive reviews by Editor-in-Chief Prof. Bernd Lehmann, Associated Editor Prof. Rui-Zhong Hu, Prof. Jing-Wen Mao, Dr. Rong-Qing Zhang, and an anonymous referee.

Funding

This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project (No. 91755208, No. 41673043) and the National Key R & D Plan (No. 2017YFC0601404).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Strategic Mineral Resources, School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Qiang Zhang, Kui-Dong Zhao, Shao-Yong Jiang, Hai Jiang, Wei Zhang, Di Zhang & Amjad Hussain

  2. Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Wen-Qian Li

  3. School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK

    Martin R. Palmer

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  1. Qiang Zhang
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Correspondence to Kui-Dong Zhao.

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Zhang, Q., Zhao, KD., Li, WQ. et al. Timing and tectonic setting of tin mineralization in southern Myanmar: constraints from cassiterite and wolframite U–Pb ages. Miner Deposita 57, 977–999 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-021-01083-y

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