Abstract
As a result of natural hybridization and human selection over millennia, the skin colors of grapes have become greatly diversified. The color is determined by the quantity and composition of anthocyanins. Color-skinned cultivars accumulate anthocyanins in their skins, whereas white-skinned cultivars do not. Myb-related transcription-factor genes such as VvmybA1 regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. VvMYBA2r, VlmybA1-1, VlmybA1-2, and VlmybA2, which are homologs of VvmybA1, also regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. In this study, we isolated a novel Myb-related sequence, VlmybA1-3, from cultivars of Vitis labruscana (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) by means of inverse PCR, and confirmed by means of transient gene expression assay that the gene regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape berry skin. Seedlings of V. labruscana with two functional haplotypes at a region of berry color loci accumulated more anthocyanins than seedlings with a single functional haplotype. In addition, we investigated the haplotypes at the region in 35 cultivars (both V. vinifera and V. labruscana), and found certain typical characteristics. These findings will contribute to the selection of seedlings with high anthocyanin quantities in breeding programs for wine and table grapes, and will help elucidate the origin and evolution of Vitis species.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Dr. N. Goto-Yamamoto, National Research Institute of Brewing, for providing two grape gDNA samples. We also thank Ms. T. Nakasumi, Grape and Persimmon Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan.
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Communicated by H. Nybom.
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Azuma, A., Kobayashi, S., Mitani, N. et al. Genomic and genetic analysis of Myb-related genes that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape berry skin. Theor Appl Genet 117, 1009–1019 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0840-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0840-1