Zusammenfassung
Die Bauchhöhle wird in die von Bauchfell (Peritoneum parietale) ausgekleidete Peritonealhöhle und den extraperitonealen Raum unterteilt. Topographisch unterscheidet man den eigentlichen Bauchraum, das Abdomen und die Beckenhöhle. Das Peritoneum überzieht mit einem viszeralen Blatt, Peritoneum viscerale, die intraperitonealen Bauch- und Teile der Beckenorgane. Zwischen Peritoneum parietale und viscerale liegt die als Teil der embryonalen Leibeshöhle entstandene Bauchhöhle. Zum Verständnis des Bauchfellverlaufs müssen die Entwicklungsvorgänge in der Bauchhöhle bekannt sein. Eine profunde Kenntnis dieser unterschiedlichen Räume und deren Begrenzungen ist wichtig, um die Ausbreitung von Infektionen und Neoplasien bzw. die Genese verschiedener Erkrankungen zu verstehen. Sie ermöglich es dem Radiologen, im Zusammenhang mit der klinischen Anamnese und den charakteristischen Bildgebungsmerkmalen die Differenzialdiagnose möglicher Ursachen zu finden und die richtige Diagnose zu stellen – mit entsprechender therapeutischer Relevanz
Abstract
The abdominal cavity is subdivided into the peritoneal cavity, lined by the parietal peritoneum, and the extraperitoneal space. It extends from the diaphragm to the pelvic floor. The visceral peritoneum covers the intraperitoneal organs and part of the pelvic organs. The parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum are in sliding contact; the potential space between them is called the peritoneal cavity and is a part of the embryologic abdominal cavity or primitive coelomic duct. To understand the complex anatomical construction of the different variants of plicae and recesses of the peritoneum, an appreciation of the embryologic development of the peritoneal cavity is crucial. This knowledge reflects the understanding of the peritoneal anatomy, deep knowledge of which is very important in determining the cause and extent of peritoneal diseases as well as in decision making when choosing the appropriate therapeutic approach, whether surgery, conservative treatment, or interventional radiology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Literatur
Auh YH, Rubenstein WA, Markisz JA et al. (1986) Intraperitoneal paravesical spaces: CT delineation with US correlation. Radiology 159: 311–317
Balfe DM, Mauro MA, Koehler RE et al. (1984) Gastrohepatic ligament: normal and pathologic CT anatomy. Radiology 150: 485–490
Chang BB, Shah DM, Paty PS et al. (1990) Can the retroperitoneal approach be used for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms? J Vasc Surg 11: 326–330
Chopra S, Dodd GD, 3rd, Chintapalli KN et al. (1999) Mesenteric, omental, and retroperitoneal edema in cirrhosis: frequency and spectrum of CT findings. Radiology 211: 737–742
DeMeo JH, Fulcher AS, Austin RF Jr (1995) Anatomic CT demonstration of the peritoneal spaces, ligaments, and mesenteries: normal and pathologic processes. Radiographics 15: 755–770
Dodds WJ, Foley WD, Lawson TL et al. (1985) Anatomy and imaging of the lesser peritoneal sac. AJR Am J Roentgenol 144: 567–575
Fujiwara T, Takehara Y, Ichijo K et al. (1995) Anterior extension of acute pancreatitis: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 19: 963–966
Hamrick-Turner JE, Chiechi MV, Abbitt PL et al. (1992) Neoplastic and inflammatory processes of the peritoneum, omentum, and mesentery: diagnosis with CT. Radiographics 12: 1051–1068
Healy JC, Reznek RH (1998) The peritoneum, mesenteries and omenta: normal anatomy and pathological processes. Eur Radiol 8: 886–900
Kim S, Kim TU, Lee JW et al. (2007) The perihepatic space: comprehensive anatomy and CT features of pathologic conditions. Radiographics 27: 129–143
Lucey BC, Stuhlfaut JW, Soto JA (2005) Mesenteric lymph nodes seen at imaging: causes and significance. Radiographics 25: 351–365
Meyers MA (1973) Distribution of intra-abdominal malignant seeding: dependency on dynamics of flow of ascitic fluid. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 119: 198–206
Meyers MA (2000) Intraperitoneal spread of infections. In: Meyers MA (ed) Dynamic radiology of the abdomen, 5th edn. Springer, Berlin New York New York, pp 57–130
Meyers MA, Oliphant M, Berne AS et al. (1987) The peritoneal ligaments and mesenteries: pathways of intraabdominal spread of disease. Radiology 163: 593–604
Mirilas P, Skandalakis JE (2002) Benign anatomical mistakes: right and left coronary ligaments. Am Surg 68: 832–835
Moore K (1982) The developing human: clinically oriented embryology, 3rd edn. Saunders, Philadelphia
Rubenstein WA, Auh YH, Whalen JP et al. (1983) The perihepatic spaces: computed tomographic and ultrasound imaging. Radiology 149: 231–239
Saksouk FA, Johnson SC (2004) Recognition of the ovaries and ovarian origin of pelvic masses with CT. Radiographics [Suppl 1] 24: S133–146
Weinstein JB, Heiken JP, Lee JK et al. (1986) High resolution CT of the porta hepatis and hepatoduodenal ligament. Radiographics 6: 55–74
Yoo E, Kim JH, Kim MJ et al. (2007) Greater and lesser omenta: normal anatomy and pathologic processes. Radiographics 27: 707–720
Zhao Z, Liu S, Li Z et al. (2005) Sectional anatomy of the peritoneal reflections of the upper abdomen in the coronal plane. J Comput Assist Tomogr 29: 430–437
Interessenkonflikt
Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ba-Ssalamah, A., Bastati, N., Uffmann, M. et al. Peritoneum und Mesenterium. Radiologe 49, 543–556 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-008-1769-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-008-1769-8