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Oxytocin und Misshandlungspotenzial

Einfluss von mütterlicher Depression, Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung und frühkindlicher Misshandlungserfahrung

Oxytocin and maltreatment potential

Influence of maternal depression, borderline personality disorder and experience of early childhood maltreatment

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An Erratum to this article was published on 14 May 2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Oxytocin (OXT) wird als „Empathiehormon“ bezeichnet, das mit sozialer Interaktion und Eltern-Kind-Beziehung in Zusammenhang gebracht wird. Mütter mit psychischen Belastungsfaktoren, wie einer Depression in der Anamnese, einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung oder Misshandlungserfahrung in der eigenen Kindheit zeigen häufig Auffälligkeiten im mütterlichen Verhalten. Ziel der Studie ist es, (1) den Zusammenhang zwischen diesen drei Belastungsfaktoren und mütterlichem OXT parallel in einer Analyse zu untersuchen. (2) Zudem soll OXT als möglicher Mediator für den Zusammenhang zwischen frühkindlicher Misshandlungserfahrung und Misshandlungspotenzial gegenüber dem eigenen Kind untersucht werden.

Methodik

Plasma-OXT-Konzentration wurde von 52 Müttern in der follikulären Phase erhoben (gesunde Kontrollmütter: n = 22; Depression in der Anamnese: n = 23; Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung: n = 7). Mütterliche Psychopathologie und Misshandlungserfahrung in der Kindheit wurden mit Interviews erfasst. Regressions- und Mediationsanalysen wurden zur Beantwortung der Fragestellung berechnet.

Ergebnisse

Frühkindliche Misshandlungserfahrung war mit vermindertem Plasma-OXT assoziiert, jedoch nicht mütterliche Depression und Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung. Besonders die Erfahrung elterlicher Antipathie in der eigenen Kindheit war mit geringeren OXT-Konzentrationen assoziiert. OXT vermittelte nicht den Zusammenhang zwischen mütterlicher Misshandlungserfahrung in der eigenen Kindheit und Misshandlungspotenzial gegenüber dem eigenen Kind.

Diskussion

In der vorliegenden Stichprobe hingen Veränderungen von Plasma-OXT-Konzentrationen nicht mit psychischen Erkrankungen wie einer Depression in der Anamnese oder einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung zusammen, sondern vielmehr mit einem diesen Störungen womöglich zugrunde liegenden ätiologischen Faktor: Misshandlungserfahrung in der eigenen Kindheit.

Abstract

Background

The “empathy hormone” oxytocin (OXT) is associated with social interaction and parent-child interaction. Mothers with mental stress factors, e.g., history of depression, borderline personality disorder or early life maltreatment in their own childhood often show distinct maternal behavior.

The objectives of the study were (1) to examine the association between these three stress factors and maternal OXT within one analysis. (2) Moreover, OXT was tested as a potential mediator for the association between maternal experience of early childhood maltreatment and abuse potential against their own child.

Methods

Plasma OXT concentrations of 52 mothers during the follicular phase were collated (healthy control mothers n = 22, history of depression n = 23, borderline personality disorder n = 7). The maternal history of psychiatric disorders and experiences of early childhood maltreatment were examined via interviews. Regression and mediation analyses were applied to answer the research questions.

Results

Early childhood maltreatment was associated with reduced plasma OXT; however, maternal history of depression and borderline personality disorder were not related to OXT concentrations. In particular, having experienced parental antipathy in one’s own childhood was associated with reduced OXT levels but OXT did not mediate the association between maternal early childhood experiences of maltreatment and abuse potential of their own child.

Conclusion

In the present study alterations in plasma OXT concentrations were not associated with psychiatric disorders, such as a history of depression or borderline personality disorder but more with a potential etiological factor of these disorders, i.e. experience of maltreatment in their own childhood.

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Change history

  • 14 May 2019

    Erratum zu:

    Nervenarzt 2019

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-019-0688-4

    Die Schreibweise eines Autorennamens in diesem Beitrag muss korrigiert werden. Korrekt lautet die Schreibweise Stefan Roepke statt Stefan Röpke.

    Wir bitten dies zu …

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Förderung

Die Studie wurde im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes Understanding and Breaking the Intergenerational Cycle of Abuse (UBICA, BMBF Förder-Nr.:01KR1207C; DFG Förder-Nr.: BE2611/2-1; LE560/5-1; RO3935/1-1: HE2426/5-1) durchgeführt.

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Correspondence to Dorothea Kluczniok.

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Interessenkonflikt

D. Kluczniok, K. Dittrich, C. Hindi Attar, K. Bödeker, M. Roth, C. Jaite, S. Winter, S.C. Herpertz, S. Röpke, C. Heim und F. Bermpohl geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Es liegt das positive Ethikvotum der Charite – Universitätsmedizin Berlin vor.

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Kluczniok, D., Dittrich, K., Hindi Attar, C. et al. Oxytocin und Misshandlungspotenzial. Nervenarzt 90, 267–276 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-019-0688-4

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