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Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal uses of Cola (Malvaceae) family: a review

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Abstract

Cola belongs to the family Malvaceae and contains 125 Cola plants. Among the Cola species, Cola acuminata and Cola nitida are the most studied for their pharmacology effects. Cola contains phytochemicals such as alkaloids, caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, purine, (−)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, sterols, anthraquinones, flavonoid glycosides, cardenolides, tannins, rostratanic acid, bauerenol, lupeol, acotatarone A, lignoceric acid, betulinic acid, friedelanone, friedelan, stigmasterol, and nonanedioc acid, among others. These secondary metabolites are responsible for the various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antiviral, anticancer, antimycobacterium, and antiatherosclerotic and hypolipidaemic. Economically, Cola has been used in both manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries to produce energy drinks, flavoring agents, wine, chocolates, animal feeds, medicine, food, disinfectant, pomade, organic fertilizers, candles, detergents, and as dyes in textiles. This review work aimed to review the report published up to 2019 describing the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of Cola species.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Nigerian Army College of Education, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria

    Abiche Ekalu

  2. Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria

    Abiche Ekalu & James D. Habila

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Ekalu, A., Habila, J.D. Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal uses of Cola (Malvaceae) family: a review. Med Chem Res 29, 2089–2105 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-020-02637-x

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