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Pathological processes activated by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection in the cornea

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Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous pathogen that infects a large majority of the human population worldwide. It is also a leading cause of infection-related blindness in the developed world. HSV-1 infection of the cornea begins with viral entry into resident cells via a multistep process that involves interaction of viral glycoproteins and host cell surface receptors. Once inside, HSV-1 infection induces a chronic immune-inflammatory response resulting in corneal scarring, thinning and neovascularization. This leads to development of various ocular diseases such as herpes stromal keratitis, resulting in visual impairment and eventual blindness. HSV-1 can also invade the central nervous system and lead to encephalitis, a relatively common cause of sporadic fetal encephalitis worldwide. In this review, we discuss the pathological processes activated by corneal HSV-1 infection and existing antiviral therapies as well as novel therapeutic options currently under development.

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  1. Equal contribution authors: Lulia Koujah and Rahul K. Suryavanshi.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 W. Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Lulia Koujah, Rahul K. Suryawanshi & Deepak Shukla

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Lulia Koujah & Deepak Shukla

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  1. Lulia Koujah
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Koujah, L., Suryawanshi, R.K. & Shukla, D. Pathological processes activated by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection in the cornea. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 76, 405–419 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-018-2938-1

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