Abstract
Previous studies have evaluated left ventricular dimensions in children using two-dimensional echocardiography, but there is little information on gender differences and on the longitudinal development of the dimensions of the left ventricle. Our objective was to asses, by two-dimensional echocardiography, the normal size of the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) in children, its differences by sex, and the rate of its development using height, weight, and body surface area as indices. The study group consisted of 437 patients (264 males, 173 females) with a history of Kawasaki disease but with no coronary artery lesions, as determined by repeated echocardiographic and other examinations. A total of 1595 examinations were done over an average of 6.7 years. The increase in LVDd was significantly more rapid in (1) children below 2 years of age than in older children of either sex and (2) in males who were 11 and 12 years old than in males who were 10 years old. Significant gender differences were observed in the increase in LVDd by all indices (p<0.001).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Du Bois D, Du Bois EF (1916) Clinical calorimetry. X. A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known.Arch Intern Med 17:863–871
Dunn OJ, Clark UA (1974)Applied Statistics: Analysis of Variance and Regressions. Wiley, New York, pp 307–335
Epstein ML, Goldberg SJ, Allen HD, Konecke L, Wood J (1975) Great vessel, cardiac chamber, and wall growth patterns in children.Circulation 51:1124–1129
Gutgesell HP, Paquet M, Duff DF, McNamara DG (1977) Evaluation of left ventricular size and function by echocardiography: results in normal children.Circulation 56:457–462
Henry WL, Ware J, Gardin JM, et al. (1978) Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjects: growth-related changes that occur between infancy and early adulthood.Circulation 57:278–285
Nidorf SM, Picard MH, Triuzi MO, et al. (1992) New perspectives in the assessment of cardiac chamber dimensions during development and adulthood.J Am Coll Cardiol 19:983–988
Pearlman JD, Triulzi MO, King ME, Newell J, Weyman AE (1988) Limits of normal left ventricular dimensions in growth and development: analysis of dimensions and variance in the two-dimensional echocardiograms of 268 normal healthy subjects.J Am Coll Cardiol 12:1432–1441
Schulz DM, Giordano DA, Schulz DH (1962) Weights of organs of fetuses and infants.Arch Pathol 74:244–250
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG (1967)Statistical Methods, 6th edn. Ames, Iowa State University Press, pp 419–446
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nagasawa, H., Arakaki, Y., Yamada, O. et al. Longitudinal observations of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension in children using echocardiography. Pediatr Cardiol 17, 169–174 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02505207
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02505207