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A Shakespeare dictionary (SHAD): Some preliminaries for a semantic description

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Notes

  1. M. Spevack, H.J. Neuhaus, and T. Finkenstaedt, “SHAD: A Shakespeare Dictionary,” inComputers in the Humanities, ed. J.L. Mitchell (Edinburgh, 1974), pp. 111–123. SHAD is being supported on a national level by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Dorothee Christ and Marita Stoks helped in the preparation of some of the data in this paper. In connection with his dissertation, Dr. Dieter Stein was provided with material from the SHAD project with which he also analyzed verb forms.

  2. Cf. Marvin Spevack, “Shakespeare’s English: The Core Vocabulary,”Review of National Literatures 3, 2 (1972), 116.

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  3. Henry Cockeram,The English Dictionarie (1623; facsimile rpt. Menston, England, 1968), sig. A4v.

  4. Dictionaire de l’Academie françoise (1694), préface.

  5. Cf. James A.H. Murray, et al., eds.,The Oxford English Dictionary (Oxford, 1933–1972), VII, 1132.

  6. Cf. Jerrold J. Katz and Jerry A. Fodor, “The Structure of a Semantic Theory,”Language 39 (1963), 179–210.

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  7. David Lewis, “General Semantics,”Synthese 22 (1970), 18.

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  8. Hilary Putnam, “Is Semantics Possible?”Metaphilosophy 1 (1970), 187–201.

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  9. Cf. George Lakoff, “Hedges: A Study in Meaning Criteria and the Logic of Fuzzy Concepts,”Papers from the Eighth Regional Meeting, Chicago Linguistic Society 8 (Chicago, 1972), 183–228; Lofti Zadeh, “Fuzzy Sets,”Information and Control 8 (1965), 338–353.

  10. Gottlob Frege,Die Grundlagen der Arithmethik. Eine logisch-mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl (Breslau, 1884), p. xxii.

  11. Thomas Finkenstaedt, Ernst Leisi, and Dieter Wolff, eds.,A Chronological English Dictionary: Listing 80,000 Words in Order of their Earliest Known Occurrence (Heidelberg, 1970).

  12. Cf. Spevack, Neuhaus, and Finkenstaedt, “SHAD,” p. 118.

  13. Cf. Vilem Mathesius, “Zum Problem der Belastungs-und Kombinationsfähigkeit der Phoneme,”Traveaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague 4 (1931), 148–152.

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  14. Cf. Derek Bickerton, “Inherent Variability and Variable Rules,”Foundations of Language 7 (1971), 457–492; Henrietta J. Cedergren and David Sankoff, “Variable Rules: Performance as a Statistical Reflection of Competence,”Language 50 (1974), 333–354; William Labov, “Contraction, Deletion, and Inherent Variability of the English Copula,”Language 45 (1969), 715–762.

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  15. A.C. Partridge,The Accidence of Ben Jonson’s Plays, Masques and Entertainments. With an Appendix of Comparable Uses in Shakespeare (Cambridge, 1953), p. 302.

  16. The Riverside Shakespeare, ed. G. Blakemore Evans et al. (Boston, 1974) is used for chronology (cf. pp. 47–56) and text, except for three verbs (eight tokens) for which earlier (“bad” quarto)-eth forms appear as-es forms in later editions.

  17. E.A. Abbott,A Shakespearian Grammar: An Attempt to Illustrate Some of the Differences between Elizabethan and Modern English, 3rd ed. (1870; rpt. New York, 1966).

  18. Wilhelm Franz,Die Sprache Shakespeares in Vers und Prosa: Unter Berücksichtigung des Amerikanischen entwicklungsgeschichtlich dargestellt (Halle, 1939).

  19. Alexander Schmidt,Shakespeare-Lexicon: A Complete Dictionary of all the English Words, Phrases and Constructions in the Works of the Poet, 2 vols. (1st ed., 1874–75; rpt. Berlin and Leipzig, 1971).

  20. W. Bullokar, “Bref Grammar for English” 1586, rpt. inPalaestra, vol. 52, ed. Max Plessow (Berlin, 1906), p. 354. A number of Bullokar’s phonetic symbols have been normalized.

  21. Rudolf Brotanek, ed.,George Mason’s Grammaire Angloise nach den Drucken von 1622 und 1633 (Halle, 1905), pp. 25–26.

  22. John Wallis,Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae (1653; facsimile rpt. Menston, England, 1969), pp. 94–95.

  23. Sidney Lee,Complete Works 12 (New York, 1908); quoted in Matthias A. Shaaber, ed.,The Second Part of Henry the Fourth: A New Variorum Edition of Shakespeare XX (Philadelphia and London, 1940), p. 126, 2.1.143 n.

  24. H. Joachim Neuhaus,Beschränkungen in der Grammatik der Wortableitungen im Englischen, Diss. Saarbrücken 1971 (Saarbrücken, 1971).

  25. H. Joachim Neuhaus, “Zur Theorie der Produktivität von Wortbildungssystemen,” inLinguistische Perspektiven. Referate des VII. Linguistischen Kolloquiums Nijmegen, 26.–30. September 1972, ed. A. ten Cate and P. Jordens (Tübingen, 1973).

  26. Cf. Caroline F. Spurgeon,Shakespeare’s Imagery and What It Tells Us (Cambridge, 1953); Audrey Yoder,Animal Analogy in Shakespeare’s Character Portrayal (New York, 1947).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany

    H. Joachim Neuhaus (professor of English) & Marvin Spevack (professor of English)

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  1. H. Joachim Neuhaus
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  2. Marvin Spevack
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The present essay was delivered, in a slightly compressed version, at the Second International Conference on Computers and the Humanities, held at the University of Southern California on 3–6 April 1975.

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Neuhaus, H.J., Spevack, M. A Shakespeare dictionary (SHAD): Some preliminaries for a semantic description. Comput Hum 9, 263–270 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02396288

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