Abstract
The location and level of activity of the principal polysaccharidases and glycoside hydrolases involved in the degradation of plant structural and storage polysaccharides were monitored in microbial populations isolated from liquid and particulate phases of bovine rumen digesta. The three principal subpopulations, and their constituent subgroups studied, all contained polysaccharide depolymerizing enzymes; however, the specific activities of the enzymes that degraded the plant cell wall structural polymers were highest within the adherent particle-associated populations. Separate functional groups of organisms could be recongnized in the particle-associated population by their distinctive enzyme profiles.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Akin, D. E. 1976. Ultrastructure of rumen bacterial attachment to forage cell walls. Applied and Environmental Microbiology31:562–568.
Akin, D. E. 1979. Microscopic evaluation of forage digestion by rumen microorganisms: a review. Journal of Animal Science48:701–710.
Akin, D. E. 1980. Evaluation by electron microscopy and anaerobic culture of types of rumen bacteria associated with digestion of forage cell walls. Applied and Environmental Microbiology39:242–252.
Bauchop, T. 1980. Scanning electron microscopy in the study of plant fragments in the gut, pp. 305–326. In: Ellwood, D. C., Hedger, J. N., Latham, M. J., Lynch, J. M., Slater, J. H. (eds.), Contemporary microbial ecology. London: Academic Press.
Cheng, K.-J., McCowan, R. P., Costerton, J. W. 1979. Adherent epithelial bacteria in ruminants and their role in digestive tract function. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition32:139–148.
Coleman, G. S. 1980. Rumen ciliate protozoa. Advances in Parasitology18:121–173.
Conchie, J. 1954. β-Glucosidase from rumen liquor. Biochemical Journal58:552–560.
Delfosse-Debusscher, J., Van Hoof, F., Hellings, P., Thines-Sempoux, D. 1979. Hydrolytic activities of rumen ciliates. Annales de Recherche Veterinaire10:258–261.
Falchney, G. J. 1980. Measurement in sheep of the quantity and composition of rumen digesta and of the fractional outflow rates of digesta constitutents. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research31:1129–1137.
Forsberg, C. W., Lam, K. 1977. Use of adenosine 5′-triphosphate as an indicator of the microbiota biomass in rumen contents. Applied and Environmental Microbiology33:528–537.
Francis, G. L., Gawthorne, J. M., Storer, G. B. 1978. Factors affecting the activity of cellulases isolated from the rumen digesta of sheep. Applied and Environmental Microbiology36:643–649.
Lankhorst, A., Counotte, G. H. M., Koopman, J. P., Prins, R. A. 1979. Rapid characterization of mixed microbial populations in ruminal contents, cecal contents, and in feces by a semi-quantitative assay of some hydrolytic enzymes (APIZYME). Zeitschrift für Tierphysiologie, Tierenährung und Futtermittelkunde41:162–171.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, W. J., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurements with the Folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry193:265–275.
Minato, H., Endo, A., Higuchi, M., Ootomo, Y., Uemura, T. 1966. Ecological treatise on the rumen fermentation. 1. The fractionation of bacteria attached to the rumen digesta solids. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology12:39–52.
Minato, H., Endo, A., Ootomo, Y., Uemura, T. 1966. Ecological treatise on the rumen fermentation. 2. The amylolytic and cellulolytic activities of the fractionated bacterial portions attached to the rumen solids. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology12:53–69.
Minato, H., Suto, T. 1976. Technique for the fractionation of bacteria in rumen microbial ecosystem. 1. Attachment of rumen bacteria to starch granules and elution of bacteria attached to them. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology22:259–276.
Minato, H., Suto, T. 1979. Technique for the fractionation of bacteria in rumen microbial ecosystem. 3. Attachment of bacteria isolated from bovine rumen to starch granules in vitro and elution of bacteria attached therefrom. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology25:71–93.
Minato, H., Suto, T. 1981. Technique for fractionation of bacteria in rumen microbial ecosystem. 4. Attachment of rumen bacteria to cellulose powder and elution of bacteria attached to it. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology27:21–31.
Williams, A. G., Withers, S. E. 1981. Hemicellulose degrading enzymes synthesised by rumen bacteria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology51:375–385.
Williams, A. G., Withers, S. E. 1982. The production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes by hemicellulolytic bacterial isolates grown on a range of carbohydrate substrates. Journal of Applied Bacteriology52:377–387.
Williams, A. G., Withers, S. E. 1982. The effect of carbohydrate growth substrate on the glycosidase activity of hemicellulose-degrading rumen bacterial isolates. Journal of Applied Bacteriology52:389–401.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Williams, A.G., Strachan, N.H. The distribution of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes in the bovine rumen digesta ecosystem. Current Microbiology 10, 215–220 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01627258
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01627258