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DNA synthesis in genetically determined melanomas of platyfish-swordtail hybrids

DNA-Synthese in genetisch bedingten Melanomen von Zahnkarpfenbastarden

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Summary

Explants from genetically determined melanotic and amelanotic melanomas of platyfish-swordtail hybrids were cultivated in H3-thymidine-containing medium with or without additional amounts of amino acids. The incorporation of label into the DNA extracted from the explants was measured, and the DNA content per unit protein was determined. The results revealed a significant difference between the two melanoma types; the rate of DNA synthesis as well as the DNA to protein ratio of amelanotic melanoma explants was about twice that of melanotic ones. This is consistent with the results of earlier investigations which had shown that the amelanotic melanomas grow more rapidly and contain more incompletely differentiated cells than the melanotic ones. The data, furthermore, demonstrated that both melanoma types exhibit extreme individual variations in DNA synthesis and in the DNA to protein ratio. The present study failed to confirm the results of earlier autoradiographic studies which suggested that additional amounts of amino acids in the culture medium stimulate the incorporation of labeled thymidine into the melanoma DNA. The results of the present experiments on melanomas in vitro do not rule out the possibility that amino acids stimulate melanoma growth in vivo by initiating DNA synthesis and cell division of melanoma cells.

Zusammenfassung

Explantate von genetisch bedingten melanotischen und amelanotischen Melanomen von Zahnkarpfenbastarden wurden in H3-thymidinhaltigem Medium mit oder ohne zusätzliche Aminosäuren kultiviert. Der Einbau des H3-Thymidins in die DNA der Melanome wurde durch Messung der Radioaktivität in DNA-Extrakten verfolgt und der DNA-Gehalt pro Einheit Protein bestimmt. Es zeigte sich, daß die beiden Melanomtypen sich merklich voneinander unterscheiden; sowohl die DNA-Syntheserate als auch das DNA-ProteinVerhältnis war bei den amelanotischen Melanomen etwa doppelt so hoch wie bei den melanotischen. Dies stimmt mit dem Befund früherer Untersuchungen überein, daß die amelanotischen Melanome schneller wachsen und einen höheren Anteil an unvollständig differenzierten Zellen aufweisen als die melanotischen Melanome. Die Ergebnisse zeigten außerdem, daß innerhalb eines Melanomtyps starke individuelle Unterschiede in der DNA-Syntheserate und im DNA-Protein-Verhältnis vorhanden sind. Sie konnten jedoch den Befund früherer autoradiographischer Untersuchungen, daß ein Zusatz von Aminosäuren zum Kulturmedium den Einbau von radioaktiv markiertem Thymidin in die DNA der Melanome stimuliert, nicht stützen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse an Melanomen in vitro schließen allerdings nicht aus, daß Aminosäuren in vivo das Melanomwachstum anregen, indem sie DNA-Synthese und Zellteilung der Melanomzellen begünstigen.

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This investigation was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Radioactivity was measured using a Philips liquid scintillation counter at the Institut für Biophysik, Strahlenzentrum Gießen.

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Vielkind, J., Vielkind, U. & Anders, F. DNA synthesis in genetically determined melanomas of platyfish-swordtail hybrids. Z. Krebsforsch. 80, 103–112 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00305129

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