Abstract
The use of mysid shrimp, particularly the genusMysidopsis, along with specific testing procedures, has become accepted in aquatic toxicology. Investigators have developed methodologies for both culture and testing of these organisms. Acute and chronic (life cycle) toxicity tests in addition to dredge spoil and effluent tests with mysids are now becoming common. Attempts have been made to use mysids as test organisms in behavioral, physiological, nutritional, and food-chain studies. In general,Mysidopsis spp. have been shown to be as sensitive or more sensitive to toxic substances than other marine species tested. The ease of handling and culture, relative sensitivity to toxicants, short life cycle, small size and direct larval development make these organisms desirable for research purposes. Continued research using mysid species will probably demonstrate even greater usefulness of these organisms in assessment of pollutant impacts on estuarine or marine communities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J. W., Neff, J. M., Cox, B. A., Tatem, H. E. & Hightower, G. H., 1974. Characteristics of dispersions and water-soluble extracts of crude and refined oils and their toxicity to estuarine crustaceans and fish. Mar. Biol. 27: 75–88.
Bahner, L. H., Craft, C. D. & Nimmo, D. R., 1975. A salt water flow-through bioassay method with controlled temperature and salinity. Progressive Fish-Culturist 37: 126–129.
Bahner, L. H., Wilson, A. J., Jr., Sheppard, J. M., Patrick, J. M., Jr., Goodman, L. R. & Walsh, G. E., 1977. Kepone® bioconcentration, accumulation, loss, and transfer through estuarine food chains. Chesapeake Sci. 18: 299–308.
Buikema, A. L., Jr., Niederlehner, B. R. & Cairns, J., Jr., 1981. The effects of a simulated refinery effluent and its components on the estuarine crustacean, Mysidopsis bahia. Arch. envir. Cont. Toxicol. 10: 231–240.
Butler, P. A., 1965. Commercial Fisher Investigations. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Circular no. 226:.
Butler, P. A., 1964. Commercial Fishery Investigations. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Circular no. 199:
Butler, P. A., 1963. Commercial Fishery Investigations. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Circular No. 167:
Carr, R. S., Reitsema, L. A. & Neff, J. M., 1980. In: Research on Environmental Fate and Effects of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings, Proceedings, Vol. II, pp. 944–960. American Petroleum Institute.
Costlow, J. C., Jr., 1979. Effect of Dimilin on development of larvae of the stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, and blue crab, Callinectes sapdius. In: Veinberg, W. B., Thurberg, F. P., Calabrese, A. & Vernberg, F. J. (Eds.) Marine Pollution: Functional Responses, Academic Press, New York. Cripe
Cripe, G. M., Nimmo, D. R. & Hamaker, T. L., 1981. Effects of two organophosphate pesticides on swimming stamina of the mysid Mysidopsis bahia. In: Vernberg, F. J., Calabrese, A., Thurberg, F. P. & Vernberg, W. B. (Eds.) Biological Monitoring of Marine Pollutants, pp. 21–36. Academic Press.
Eaton, J. G., 1970. Chronic malathion toxicity to the blue-gill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque). Wat. Res. 4: 673–684.
Farr, J. A., 1977. Impairment of antipredator behavior in Palaemonetes pugio by exposure to sublethal doses of parathion. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 106: 287–290.
Gaufin, A. R., Jensen, L. D., Nebeker, A. V., Nelson, T. & Teel, R. W., 1965. The toxicity of ten organic insecticides to various aquatic invertebrates. Wat. Sewage Wks. 12: 276–279.
Jacobs, F. & Grant, G. C., 1974. Acute toxicity of unbleached kraft mill effluent (UKME) to the opossum shrimp, Neomysis americana, Smith. Wat. Res. 8: 439–445.
Jensen, J. P., 1958. The relation between body size and number of eggs in marine malacostrakes. Meddr. Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders. 2: 1–25.
Molenock, J., 1969. A new species of mysid (Crustacea: Mysidacea) from Galveston Bay, Texas. Tulane Stud. Zool. 15: 113–116.
Mount, D. I. & Brungs, W., 1967. A simplified dosing apparatus for fish toxicology studies. Wat. Res. 2: 21–29.
Nimmo, D. R., Hamaker, T. L., Matthews, E. & Moore, J. C., 1981. An overview of the acute and chronic effects of first and second generation pesticides on an estuarine mysid. IN: Vernberg, F. J., Calabrese, A., Thruberg, F. D. & Vernberg, W. B. (Eds.) Biological Monitoring of Marine Pollutants, pp. 3–19. Academic Press.
Nimmo, D. R., Hamaker, T. L., Moore, J. C. & Wood, R. A., 1980. Acute and chronic effects of Dimilin on survival and reproduction of Mysidopsis bahia. In: Eaton, J. G., Parrish, P. R. & Hendricks, A. C. (Eds.) Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM STP 707, pp. 366–376.
Nimmo, D. R., Hamaker, T. L., Matthews, E. & Young, W. T., 1979. The long-term effects of suspended particulates on survival and reproduction of the mysid shrimp, Mysidopsis bahia, in the laboratory. MESA Symposium of the Ecological Effects of Environmental Stress, New York. June 10–15, 1979 (in press).
Nimmo, D. R., Rigby, R. A., Bahner, L. H. & Sheppard, J. M., 1978a. The acute and chronic effects of cadmium on the estuarine mysid, Mysidopsis bahia. Bull. envir. Contam. Toxicol. 19: 80–85.
Nimmo, D. R., Hamaker, T. L. & Sommers, C. A., 1978b. Culturing the mysid (Mysidopsis bahia) in flowing sea water or a static system. Bioassay Procedures for the Ocean Disposal Permit Program. EPA 600/9–78–010, pp. 59–60.
Nimmo, D. R., Hamaker, T. L. & Sommers, C. A., 1978c. Entire life cycle toxicity test using mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) in flowing water. Bioassay Procedures for the Ocean Disposal Permit Program. EPA 600/9–78–010, pp. 64–68.
Nimmo, D. R., Bahner, L. H., Rigby, R. A., Sheppard, J. M. & Wilson, A. J., Jr., 1977. Mysidopsis bahia: an estuarine species suitable for life-cycle toxicity tests to determine the effects of a pollutant. In: Mayer, F. L. & Hamelink, J. L. (Eds.) Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Evaluation, ASTM STP 634, pp. 109–116.
Reitsema, L. A. & Neff, J. M., 1980. A recirculating artificial seawater system for the laboratory culture of Mysidopsis almyra (Crustacea; Pericaridea). Estuaries 3: 321–323.
Reitsema, L. A., 1981. The growth, respiration, and energetics of Mysidopsis almyra (Crustacea: Mysidacea) in relation to temperature, salinity, and hydrocarbon exposure. Ph.D. thesis, Texas A & M University College State, Texas.
Salazar, M. H., U'ren, S. C. & Steinert, S. A., 1980. Sediment bioassays for Navsta San Diego dredging project. Naval Ocean Systems Center, San Diego, CA, Tech. Rep. 570. 46 pp.
Schimmel, S. C., Hamaker, T. L. & Forester, J., 1979. Toxicity and bioconcentration of EPN and Leptophos to selected estuarine animals. Contrib. mar. Sci. 22: 193–203.
Schimmel, S. C. & Hansen, D. J., 1974. Sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus): an estuarine fish suitable for chronic (entire life-cycle) bioassays. Proc. 28th Ann. Conf. S. E. Association, Game Fish Commission, pp. 392–398.
Shuba, P. J., Tatem, H. E. & Carroll, J. H., 1978. Biological assessment methods to predict the impact of open-water disposal of dredged material. Techn. Rep. D-78-50. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. 77 pp.
Tyler-Schroeder, D. B., 1977. Use of the grass shrimp (Palaemonstes pugio) in a life-cycle toxicity test. In: Marking, L. L. & Kimerle, R. A. (Eds.) Aquatic Toxicoloty, ASTM STP 667, pp. 159–170.
USEPA, 1978. Contract No. 68.01.4646.
USEPA, 1981. Acephate, aldicarb, carbophenothion, DEF, EPN, ethoprop, methyl parathion, and phorate: their acute and chronic toxicity, bioconcentration potential, and persistence as related to marine environments. EPA-600/4–81–041.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nimmo, D.R., Hamaker, T.L. Mysids in toxicity testing — a review. Hydrobiologia 93, 171–178 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00008110
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00008110