Abstract
Pyroclastic deposits of volcanic explosive eruptions are associated with both sedimentation of tephra and emplacement of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) that travel on the flank of volcanoes. Pyroclastic deposits are typically mixtures of ash, lapilli and blocks, very loose and unconsolidated, hence prone to move along a slope. Due to highly porous structure, such deposits are also prone to wetting induced collapse, with a transition from a solid-like behaviour to a fluid-like behaviour. It entails a long run-out of mass-movements (landslides or lahars and debris flows) eventually triggered. Disasters associated with this type of deposit remobilization have been recorded all over the world even decades or centuries after the end of an eruption. Here we provide new insights into remobilization of tephra deposits based on various international case studies, bridging a gap among the different dataset and interpretations. Exponential and power relations are found among the uniformity coefficient, the median diameter and the main physical variables adopted in the physical-based models used for the analysis of the natural hazards in volcanic deposits.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Baumann, V., Bonadonna, C., Cuomo, S., Moscariello, M., Manzella, I.: Slope stability models for rainfall-induced lahars during long-lasting eruptions. J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res. 359, 78–94 (2018)
Beyer, W.: Zur Bestimmung der. Wasserdurchlässigkeit von Kiesen und (1964)
Bilotta, E., Cascini, L., Foresta, V., Sorbino, G.: Geotechnical characterisation of pyroclastic soils involved in huge flowslides. Geotech. Geol. Eng. 23(4), 365–402 (2005)
Bilotta, E., Foresta, V., Migliaro, G.: The influence of suction on stiffness, viscosity and collapse of some volcanic ashy soils. In: 1st E-UNSAT 1, pp. 349–354 (2008)
Brown, R.J., Bonadonna, C., Durant, A.J.: A review of volcanic ash aggregation. Phys. Chem. Earth, Parts A/B/C 45, 65–78 (2012)
Cascini, L., Cuomo, S., Pastor, M., Sacco, C.: Modelling the post-failure stage of rainfall-induced landslides of the flow-type. Can. Geotech. J. 50(9), 924–934 (2013)
Cascini, L., Cuomo, S., Pastor, M., Sorbino, G., Piciullo, L.: SPH run-out modelling of channelized landslides of the flow type. Geomorphology 214, 502–513 (2014)
Cascini, L., Cuomo, S., Pastor, M.: Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling. Landslides 10(6), 701–711 (2013)
Cascini, L., Sorbino, G., Cuomo, S., Ferlisi, S.: Seasonal effects of rainfall on the shallow pyroclastic deposits of the Campania region (southern Italy). Landslides 11(5), 779–792 (2014)
Cascini, L., Cuomo, S., Della Sala, M.: Spatial and temporal occurrence of rainfall-induced shallow landslides of flow type: a case of Sarno-Quindici, Italy. Geomorphology 126(1–2), 148–158 (2011)
Cascini, L., Cuomo, S., Pastor, M., Sorbino, G.: Modelling of rainfall-induced shallow landslides of the flow-type. ASCE’s J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 1, 85–98 (2010)
Chadwick, O.A., Gavenda, R.T., Kelly, E.F., Ziegler, K., Olson, C.G., Elliott, W.C., Hendricks, D.M.: The impact of climate on the biogeochemical functioning of volcanic soils. Chem. Geol. 202(3–4), 195–223 (2003)
Chapuis, R.P., Aubertin, M.: On the use of the Kozeny Carman equation to predict the hydraulic conductivity of soils. Can. Geotech. J. 40(3), 616–628 (2003)
Crosta, G.B., Dal Negro, P.: Observations and modelling of soil slip-debris flow initiation processes in pyroclastic deposits: the Sarno 1998 event (2003)
Cuomo, S., Moscariello, M., Foresta, V.: Shear strength of a Vesuvian pyrocastic soil measured in different testing devices. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Volcanic Rocks and Soils, Ischia (Italy), pp. 231–236 (2015)
Cuomo, S., Pastor, M., Cascini, L., Castorino, G.C.: Interplay of rheology and entrainment in debris avalanches: a numerical study. Can. Geotech. J., 1–15 (2014)
Cuomo, S., Moscariello, M., Foresta, V.: Wetting tests of partially saturated soils under simple shear conditions. Géotech. Lett. 7(2), 197–203 (2017)
Durant, A.J.: Research focus: toward a realistic formulation of fine-ash lifetime in volcanic clouds. Geology 43(3), 271–272 (2015)
Eichenberger, J., Ferrari, A., Laloui, L.: Early warning thresholds for partially saturated slopes in volcanic ashes. Comput. Geotech. 49, 79–89 (2013)
Hazen, A.: Some physical properties of sands and gravels with special reference to their use in filtration. In: The 24th Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Massachusetts.34, 553 (1892)
Herrera, M.C., Lizcano, A., Santamarina, J.C.: Colombian volcanic ash soils. In: Characterization and Engineering Properties of Natural Soils, pp. 2385–2409 (2007)
Lara, L.E., Moreno, H., Naranjo, J.A., Matthews, S., de Arce, C.P.: Magmatic evolution of the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex (40 S), Southern Andean Volcanic Zone: from shield to unusual rhyolitic fissure volcanism. J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res. 157(4), 343–366 (2006)
Lara, L.E., Naranjo, J.A., Moreno, H.: Rhyodacitic fissure eruption in Southern Andes (Cordón Caulle; 40.5 S) after the 1960 (Mw: 9.5) Chilean earthquake: a structural interpretation. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 138(1–2), 127–138 (2004)
Le Bas, M.J., Streckeisen, A.L.: The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks. J. Geol. Soc. 148(5), 825–833 (1991)
Neall, V.E: Volcanic soils. In: Land Use, Land Cover and Soil Sciences, vol. 7, pp. 23–45 (2009)
Orense, R.P., Zapanta, A., Hata, A., Towhata, I.: Geotechnical characteristics of volcanic soils taken from recent eruptions. Geotech. Geol. Eng. 24(1), 129–161 (2006)
O’Rourke, T.D., Crespo, E.: Geotechnical properties of cemented volcanic soil. J. Geotech. Eng. 114(10), 1126–1147 (1988)
Pierson, T.C., Major, J.J.: Hydrogeomorphic effects of explosive volcanic eruptions on drainage basins. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 42, 469–507 (2014)
Pistolesi, M., Cioni, R., Bonadonna, C., Elissondo, M., Baumann, V., Bertagnini, A., Chiari, L., Gonzales, R., Rosi, M., Francalanci, L.: Complex dynamics of small-moderate volcanic events: the example of the 2011 rhyolitic CordĂłn Caulle eruption, Chile. Bull. Volcanol. 77(1), 3 (2015)
Rosi, M., Paladio-Melosantos, M., Di Muro, A., Leoni, R., Bacolcol, T.: Fall versus flow activity during the 1991 climactic eruption of Pinatubo Volcano (Philippines). Bull. Volcanol. 62(8), 549–566 (2001)
Scott, W.E., Hoblitt, R.P., Torres, R.C., Self, S., Martinez, M.M.L., Nillos, T.: Pyroclastic flows of the June 15, 1991, climactic eruption of Mount Pinatubo. In: Fire and mud: Eruptions and lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, pp. 545–570 (1996)
Shoji, S., Dahlgren, R., Nanzyo, M.: Genesis of volcanic ash soils. In: Developments in Soil Science, vol. 21, pp. 37–71 (1993)
Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H., Stix, J.: The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes. Elsevier (2015)
Sorbino, G., Foresta, V.: Unsaturated hydraulic characteristics of pyroclastic soils. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, vol. 1, pp. 405–410 (2002)
Tayag, J.C.: Pinatubo Volcano Wakes from 4 Century Slumber. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology Press, Quezon City (1991)
Wesley, L.D.: Geotechnical properties of two volcanic soils. In: Geotechnics on the Volcanic Edge: Tauranga, New Zealand, Geotechnical Society Symposium (2003)
Wesley, L.D.: Shear strength properties of halloysite and allophane clays in Java, Indonesia. IGeotechnique 27(2), 125–136 (1977)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Moscariello, M., Cuomo, S., Baumann, V., Bonadonna, C. (2022). On the Features of Pyroclastic Deposits and Post-eruption Natural Hazards. In: Adhikari, B.R., Kolathayar, S. (eds) Geohazard Mitigation. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 192. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6140-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6140-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-6139-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-6140-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)