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Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems in Plants: Role and Regulation under Abiotic Stress pp 25–52Cite as

An Introduction to Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism Under Changing Climate in Plants

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Abstract

Plants are subjected to various kinds of abiotic stresses throughout their life cycles which include salinity, drought, temperature (heat and cold), heavy metal, nutrient deficiency and UV radiation. Such types of stresses in plants lead the overproduction of certain chemical entities known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are highly reactive and cause damage to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and macromolecules. The ROS include hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide radical (O2•−), hydroxyl radical (OH•), perhydroxyl radical (HO2 •), etc. But, nature has gifted the plants with very efficient enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR; monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR; dehydroascorbate reductase, DHAR; glutathione peroxidase, GPX; guaiacol peroxidase, GOPX; and glutathione-S-transferase, GST) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, AA; glutathione, GSH; tocopherols; flavonoids; proline; etc.) antioxidant defence systems which work in coordination to detoxify and protect plant cells from oxidative damage. Moreover, ROS play a role as secondary messenger which induces cell to undergo programmed cell death.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Botany Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India

    Mudasir Irfan Dar, Mohd Irfan Naikoo & Fareed Ahmad Khan

  2. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, 24490, India

    Farha Rehman

  3. Department of Life and Environmental Science, The Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK

    Iain D. Green

  4. Department of Botany, Women’s College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India

    Fauzia Naushin

  5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Abid Ali Ansari

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  1. Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines

    M. Iqbal R. Khan

  2. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Nafees A. Khan

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Dar, M.I. et al. (2017). An Introduction to Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism Under Changing Climate in Plants. In: Khan, M., Khan, N. (eds) Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems in Plants: Role and Regulation under Abiotic Stress. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5254-5_2

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