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Facts and Ideas in Paleolithic Growth Studies (Paleoauxology)

Evidence from Neanderthals in Europe

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Book cover Continuity and Discontinuity in the Peopling of Europe

Part of the book series: Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology ((VERT))

Abstract

In the study of prehistoric populations, the ­identification of taxonomic markers derives from the study of preserved adult individuals. A complementary approach for understanding morphological differences between populations involves an investigation of ontogenetic and growth patterns. Within the Neanderthal population, the specimens employed to document distinct developmental stages originated from sites often separated by hundreds (or thousands) of kilometers and thousands of years in time. In the reconstruction of maturation patterns in Neanderthals, there are difficulties related to the availability of the fossil record itself, the evaluation of geographical and temporal variations, and the choice of appropriate comparative reference samples. Among Neanderthals, the importance of sexual dimorphism in the manifestation of morphological variation and age-related changes during the growth period cannot be evaluated. However, comparative analyses provide accurate information regarding the ontogenetic appearance of several diagnostic Neanderthal characteristics and reveal similarities and contrasts between Neanderthal and early modern children. This contribution attempts to address few aspects of the ongoing debate regarding maturational events and life history in nonadult Neanderthals from western and central Europe.

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Notes

  1. 1.

     Radiometric techniques applied to animal enamel tooth placed the section (Rink et al. 1999) between 110,000 and 137,000 years BP.

  2. 2.

     It is clear that drawing definitive conclusions on the basis of two ­specimens is premature.

  3. 3.

     We personally feel that, in the absence of the dentition, the reliability of age estimates in children older than perinates, based on single cranial measurements, is questionable.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to deeply thank Silvana Condemi (UMR 6578, Marseille) and Wighart von Koenigswald (Institut für Paläontologie, Bonn) for inviting me to participate in the International Conference held in Bonn “150 years of Neanderthal Discoveries. Early Europeans – Continuity & Discontinuity” and to contribute to the Symposium Neanderthal Anatomy, Adaptation, Physical and Cultural Variations. I wish to express my gratitude to directors and colleagues from several Institutes for their kind permission to access original fossils under their care, in Belgium (J-M. Cordy), Croatia (J. Radovčic), England (C.B. Stringer, R. Kruszinski, and T. Molleson), Hungary (I. Pap), Russia (E. Godina and N. Miklaschevskaia), and France (J-J. Cleyet-Merle, Y. Coppens, J-L. Heim, A. Langaney, and J-P. Mohen). I am grateful to M. Seurin, H. Coqueugniot (LAPP-UMR 5199/PACEA, Talence), J-L. Heim (Musée de l’Homme, Paris) for providing assistance in the illustration; to G. Sarma for improving the English text. The research was financially supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (LAPP-UMR 5199/PACEA, University Bordeaux 1). Thanks are also due to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and input comments.

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  1. Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Populations du Passé, UMR 5199-PACEA, Université Bordeaux 1, avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence, France

    Anne-Marie Tillier

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Correspondence to Anne-Marie Tillier .

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  1. , EFS, Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biocult, Université de la Méditerranée, Bd Pierre Dramard, Marseille Cedex 15, 13344, France

    Silvana Condemi

  2. Stiftung Neanderthal Museum, Talstraße 300, Mettmann, 40822, Germany

    Gerd-Christian Weniger

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Tillier, AM. (2011). Facts and Ideas in Paleolithic Growth Studies (Paleoauxology). In: Condemi, S., Weniger, GC. (eds) Continuity and Discontinuity in the Peopling of Europe. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0492-3_12

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