Summary
We evaluated different surface modification techniques for polymeric materials used in the artificial heart. Proposed approaches to design nonthrombogenic polymer surfaces include (1) phase-separated micro-domain surfaces, (2) hydrophilic surfaces. (3) surfaces incorporating a bioactive molecule and (4) biomembrane-like surfaces. We have developed several in situ surface modification techniques to improve the blood compatibility of the blood-contacting surfaces of medical devices, including HEMA-styrene block copolymer (HEMA-st) coating, polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafting, human thrombomodulin (h-TM) and heparin (HEP) immobilization, and 2-methacryloyl oxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) copolymer coating, each onto a segmented polyurethane (PU) surface. These surface-modified PUs were evaluated using an epifluorescent video microscope (EVM system) combined with a parallel plate flow cell for assessing in vitro platelet adhesion and activation and complement activation. All surfaces showed significantly lower platelet adhesion than nontreated PU, with the following ranking: HEMA-st ≧ MPC > h-TM = HEP ≧ PEG > PU. As for complement activation, h-TM and HEP showed the least C3a production, which we attributed to their inherent inhibitory effects on complement activation. HEP, PEG, or MPC copolymer treatments were applied in situ to the blood-contacting surfaces of artificial hearts made of PU, and evaluated ex vivo using 1-month implantation of the left ventricular assist devices in sheep. The preliminary results of ex vivo evaluations tend to confirm the in vitro results.
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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
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Waki, M. et al. (1998). Surface Modification Techniques for the Artificial Heart. In: Akutsu, T., Koyanagi, H. (eds) Heart Replacement. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65921-1_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65921-1_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-65923-5
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-65921-1
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