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Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery pp 137–163Cite as

Management of cortical dysplasia in epilepsy

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Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 38))

Abstract

Focal cortical dysplasias (FCD) are increasingly diagnosed as a cause of symptomatic focal epilepsy in paediatric and adult patients. Nowadays, focal cortical dysplasias are identified as the underlying pathology in up to 25% of patients with focal epilepsies. The histological appearance can vary from mild architectural disturbances to severe malformation containing atypical cellular elements like dysmorphic neurons and Balloon cells. Clinical presentation depends on the age at onset of epilepsy, the location and size of the lesion. In most patients seizures begin in early childhood and the course of epilepsy is often severe and pharmaco-resistant. For the majority of patients, epilepsy surgery is the only treatment option in order to become seizure free.

In this review an overview on the literature of the last ten years is provided, focussing on histological appearance and classification, pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical presentation of cortical dysplasias. Recent developments in the presurgical diagnostic and outcome after operative treatment as well as prognostic factors are summarized. Finally, an outlook is given on the development of future novel treatment options that might be minimally invasive and help especially the patient group who is inoperable or has failed epilepsy surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    S. Fauser & J. Zentner

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  1. S. Fauser
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  2. J. Zentner
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cambridge, UK

    J. D. Pickard (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

  2. Ankara, Turkey

    N. Akalan

  3. Prague, Czech Republic

    V. Benes Jr.

  4. Roma, Italy

    C. Di Rocco

  5. Ljubljana, Slovenia

    V. V. Dolenc

  6. Lisbon, Portugal

    J. Lobo Antunes

  7. Petah Tiqva, Israel

    Z. H. Rappaport

  8. Bonn, Germany

    J. Schramm

  9. Lyon, French

    M. Sindou

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag/Wien

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Fauser, S., Zentner, J. (2012). Management of cortical dysplasia in epilepsy. In: Pickard, J.D., et al. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 38. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0676-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0676-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-0675-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0676-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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