Definition
The term “cancer vaccination” (CV) (vaccine therapy) or “active specific immunization” (ASI) subsumes various strategies to induce an effective immune response against tumor cells. Like vaccinations against infectious pathogens, all strategies are based on the presentation of typical antigens (tumor-associated antigen (TAA)) to the immune system in a context favoring the induction of a cellular and, as some investigators propose, also a humoral immune response against the antigen-bearing cells (cancer vaccines). The antigen has to be presented within a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule (signal 1) in the presence of co-stimulatory molecules (signal 2) and in the context of a danger signal (mostly toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signals) and/or of soluble factors favoring the development and the polarization of the immune response (e.g., various types of cytokine). Several approaches have been developed and applied in ASI against colorectal cancer in...
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© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Schlag, P.M. (2016). Colorectal Cancer Vaccine Therapy. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_6538
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_6538
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