Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology pp 307–326Cite as

Microbial Bioprospecting in Marine Environments

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

During evolution microorganisms accumulated a remarkable physiological and functional heterogeneity as a result of their adaptation to various selective environmental pressures. Marine microorganisms have been evolving and diversifying for billions of years in contrast microorganisms from terrestrial habitats, which possess a much shorter evolutionary history. In addition, the oceans harbor unique habitats that are mostly unexplored, making them exciting targets for bioprospecting of new microbial capabilities. Over the last years, novel and more complex approaches for the screening of molecules and activities from marine microorganisms with biotechnological potential have been developed and successfully applied. In this chapter, we explore methodological approaches that are currently being used for microbial bioprospecting, with emphasis in the marine environment. These include, among others, high-throughput and other advanced cultivation techniques aiming to recover a larger fraction of culturable microbes, as well as culture-independent, omics and meta-omics approaches for mining the microbial metabolic potential.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   269.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   349.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

BAC:

bacterial artificial chromosome

BLAST:

basic local alignment search tool

CARD:

catalyzed reporter deposition

CharProtDB:

Characterized Protein Database

DNA:

deoxyribonucleic acid

EMP:

Earth Microbiome Project

FISH:

fluorescence in situ hybridization

GEBA:

Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea

GOLD:

Genomes OnLine Database

HRP:

horseradish peroxidase

IMG/M:

Integrated Microbial Genomes and Metagenomes System

IMG:

Integrated Microbial Genomes

Ichip:

isolation chip

MAR:

microautorardiography

MG-RAST:

meta genomics rapid annotation using subsystems technology

MS:

mass spectrometry

MegDB:

Microbial Ecological Genomics DataBase

MetaBioME:

Metagenomic BioMining Engine

MicroScope:

microbial genome annotation & analysis platform

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

NaPDoS:

natural product domain seeker

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

RNA:

ribonucleic acid

SAR:

structure-activity relationship

SCG:

single-cell genomics

SIP:

stable isotope probing

SRA:

Sequence Read Archive

TeBactEn:

Text Mining for Bacterial Enzymes

UV:

ultraviolet

cDNA:

copy DNA

mRNA:

messenger RNA

nanoSIMS:

nanometer-scale secondary-ion mass spectrometry

qPCR:

quantitative PCR

rRNA:

ribosomal RNA

References

  1. D. de Pascale, C. De Santi, J. Fu, B. Landfald: The microbial diversity of Polar environments is a fertile ground for bioprospecting, Mar. Genomics 8, 15–22 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A.T. Bull, A.C. Ward, M. Goodfellow: Search and discovery strategies for biotechnology: The paradigm shift, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64, 573–606 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. Querellou, T. Børresen, C. Boyen, A. Dobson, M. Höfle, A. Ianora, M. Jaspars, A. Kijjoa, J. Olafsen, G. Rigos, R. Wijffels, C. Compère, M. Magot, J.L. Olsen, P. Potin, F. Volckaert: Marine Biotechnology: A New Vision and Strategy for Europe (European Science Foundation, Beernem 2010)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. H.M. Dionisi, M. Lozada, N.L. Olivera: Bioprospection of marine microorganisms: Biotechnological applications and methods, Rev. Argent. Microbiol. 44, 49–60 (2012)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. C.A. Lozupone, R. Knight: Global patterns in bacterial diversity, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 11436–11440 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.B. Zotchev: Marine actinomycetes as an emerging resource for the drug development pipelines, J. Biotechnol. 158, 168–175 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. C. Munn: Marine Microbiology: Ecology and Applications (BIOS Scientific, London 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  8. M. Ferrer, O. Golyshina, A. Beloqui, P.N. Golyshin: Mining enzymes from extreme environments, Current Opin. Microbiol. 10, 207–214 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. R.K. Pettit: Culturability and secondary metabolite diversity of extreme microbes: Expanding contribution of deep sea and deep-sea vent microbes to natural product discovery, Mar. Biotechnol. 13, 1–11 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. C.C. Thornburg, T.M. Zabriskie, K.L. McPhail: Deep-sea hydrothermal vents: potential hot spots for natural products discovery?, J. Nat. Prod. 73, 489–499 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Trincone: Marine biocatalysts: Enzymatic features and applications, Mar. Drugs 9, 478–499 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Egan, T. Thomas, S. Kjelleberg: Unlocking the diversity and biotechnological potential of marine surface associated microbial communities, Current Opin. Microbiol. 11, 219–225 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. A. Penesyan, S. Kjelleberg, S. Egan: Development of novel drugs from marine surface associated microorganisms, Mar. Drugs 8, 438–459 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. E.W. Schmidt: From chemical structure to environmental biosynthetic pathways: Navigating marine invertebrate-bacteria associations, Trends Biotechnol. 23, 437–440 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. R.H. Wijffels: Potential of sponges and microalgae for marine biotechnology, Trends Biotechnol. 26, 26–31 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. J.F. Imhoff, A. Labes, J. Wiese: Bio-mining the microbial treasures of the ocean: New natural products, Biotechnol. Adv. 29, 468–482 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. B.A. McKew, J.D. Taylor, T.J. McGenity, G.J.C. Underwood: Resistance and resilience of benthic biofilm communities from a temperate saltmarsh to desiccation and rewetting, ISME Journal 5, 30–41 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. B.O. Ortega-Morales, M.J. Chan-Bacab, S.D.C. De la Rosa-García, J.C. Camacho-Chab: Valuable processes and products from marine intertidal microbial communities, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 21, 346–352 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. de Nys, P.D. Steinberg: Linking marine biology and biotechnology, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 13, 244–248 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. K.S. Lam: Discovery of novel metabolites from marine actinomycetes, Current Opin. Microbiol. 9, 245–251 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. P.R. Jensen, E. Gontang, C. Mafnas, T.J. Mincer, W. Fenical: Culturable marine actinomycete diversity from tropical Pacific Ocean sediments, Environ. Microbiol. 7, 1039–1048 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. L. Maldonado, J. Stach, W. Pathom-aree, A. Ward, A. Bull, M. Goodfellow: Diversity of cultivable actinobacteria in geographically widespread marine sediments, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 87, 11–18 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. M. Goodfellow, H.-P. Fiedler: A guide to successful bioprospecting: informed by actinobacterial systematics, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 98, 119–142 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. S.R. Vartoukian, R.M. Palmer, W.G. Wade: Strategies for culture of `unculturable' bacteria, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 309, 1–7 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. B.K. Singh: Exploring microbial diversity for biotechnology: The way forward, Trends Biotechnol. 28, 111–116 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K.B. Heidelberg, J.A. Gilbert, I. Joint: Mar. Genomics: at the interface of marine microbial ecology and biodiscovery, Microb. Biotechnol. 3, 531–543 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M.L. Metzker: Sequencing technologies – the next generation, Nat. Rev. Genet. 11, 31–46 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. I. Joint, M. Mühling, J. Querellou: Culturing marine bacteria – an essential prerequisite for biodiscovery, Microb. Biotechnol. 3, 564–575 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. O. Prakash, Y. Shouche, K. Jangid, J.E. Kostka: Microbial cultivation and the role of microbial resource centers in the omics era, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 97, 51–62 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. K. Lewis, S. Epstein, A. D'Onofrio, L.L. Ling: Uncultured microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites, J. Antibiot. 63, 468–476 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. H.S. Lee, K.K. Kwon, S.G. Kang, S.-S. Cha, S.-J. Kim, J.-H. Lee: Approaches for novel enzyme discovery from marine environments, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 21, 353–357 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. T. Kaeberlein, K. Lewis, S.S. Epstein: Isolating “uncultivable” microorganisms in pure culture in a simulated natural environment, Science 296, 1127–1129 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A. Bollmann, K. Lewis, S.S. Epstein: Incubation of environmental samples in a diffusion chamber increases the diversity of recovered isolates, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73, 6386–6390 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. E. Gavrish, A. Bollmann, S. Epstein, K. Lewis: A trap for in situ cultivation of filamentous actinobacteria, J. Microbiol. Methods 72, 257–262 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. S.A. Connon, S.J. Giovannoni: High-throughput methods for culturing microorganisms in very-low-nutrient media yield diverse new marine isolates, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 3878–3885 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. K. Zengler, G. Toledo, M. Rappó, J. Elkins, E.J. Mathur, J.M. Short, M. Keller: Cultivating the uncultured, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 15681–15686 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. K. Zengler, M. Walcher, G. Clark, I. Haller, G. Toledo, T. Holland, E.J. Mathur, G. Woodnutt, J.M. Short, M. Keller: High-throughput cultivation of microorganisms using microcapsules, Methods Enzymol. 397, 124–130 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. K. Zengler, H.H. Richnow, R. Rosselló-Mora, W. Michaelis, F. Widdel: Methane formation from long-chain alkanes by anaerobic microorganisms, Nature 401, 266–269 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J. Song, H.-M. Oh, J.-C. Cho: Improved culturability of SAR11 strains in dilution-to-extinction culturing from the East Sea, West Pacific Ocean, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 295, 141–147 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. M.S. Rappé, S.A. Connon, K.L. Vergin, S.J. Giovannoni: Cultivation of the ubiquitous SAR11 marine bacterioplankton clade, Nature 418, 630–633 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Buerger, A. Spoering, E. Gavrish, C. Leslin, L. Ling, S.S. Epstein: Microbial scout hypothesis and microbial discovery, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78, 3229–3233 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. J. Houghton, W. Seyfried Jr., A. Banta, A.L. Reysenbach: Continuous enrichment culturing of thermophiles under sulfate and nitrate-reducing conditions and at deep-sea hydrostatic pressures, Extremophiles 11, 371–382 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. A. Postec, F. Lesongeur, P. Pignet, B. Ollivier, J. Querellou, A. Godfroy: Continuous enrichment cultures: insights into prokaryotic diversity and metabolic interactions in deep-sea vent chimneys, Extremophiles 11, 747–757 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. K. Alain, J. Quérellou: Cultivating the uncultured: Limits, advances and future challenges, Extremophiles 13, 583–594 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. K. Alain, M. Zbinden, N. Le Bris, F. Lesongeur, J. Quérellou, F. Gaill, M.A. Cambon-Bonavita: Early steps in microbial colonization processes at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, Environ. Microbiol. 6, 227–241 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. M. Yasumoto-Hirose, M. Nishijima, M.K. Ngirchechol, K. Kanoh, Y. Shizuri, W. Miki: Isolation of marine bacteria by in situ culture on media-supplemented polyurethane foam, Mar. Biotechnol. 8, 227–237 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. A. Bruns, U. Nübel, H. Cypionka, J. Overmann: Effect of signal compounds and incubation conditions on the culturability of freshwater bacterioplankton, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 1980–1989 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. D. Nichols, K. Lewis, J. Orjala, S. Mo, R. Ortenberg, P. O'Connor, C. Zhao, P. Vouros, T. Kaeberlein, S.S. Epstein: Short peptide induces an “uncultivable” microorganism to grow in vitro, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 4889–4897 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. C.J. Ingham, A. Sprenkels, J. Bomer, D. Molenaar, A. van den Berg, J.E.T. van Hylckama Vlieg, W.M. de Vos: The micro-Petri dish, a million-well growth chip for the culture and high-throughput screening of microorganisms, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 18217–18222 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. D. Nichols, N. Cahoon, E.M. Trakhtenberg, L. Pham, A. Mehta, A. Belanger, T. Kanigan, K. Lewis, S.S. Epstein: Use of ichip for high-throughput in situ cultivation of “uncultivable” microbial species, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76, 2445–2450 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. F. Berrue, S.T. Withers, B. Haltli, J. Withers, R.G. Kerr: Chemical screening method for the rapid identification of microbial sources of marine invertebrate-associated metabolites, Mar. Drugs 9, 369–381 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. S.S. Epstein: Microbial awakenings, Nature 457, 1083–1083 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. P.H. Janssen, A. Schuhmann, E. Mörschel, F.A. Rainey: Novel anaerobic ultramicrobacteria belonging to the Verrucomicrobiales lineage of bacterial descent isolated by dilution culture from anoxic rice paddy soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 1382–1388 (1997)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. G.J. Olsen, D.J. Lane, S.J. Giovannoni, N.R. Pace, D.A. Stahl: Microbial ecology and evolution: A ribosomal RNA approach, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 40, 337–365 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. C.R. Woese: Bacterial evolution, Microbiol. Rev. 51, 221–271 (1987)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. M.S. Rappé, S.J. Giovannoni: The uncultured microbial majority, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 57, 369–394 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. L.J. Forney, X. Zhou, C.J. Brown: Molecular microbial ecology: land of the one-eyed king, Current Opin. Microbiol. 7, 210–220 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. C. Su, L. Lei, Y. Duan, K.-Q. Zhang, J. Yang: Culture-independent methods for studying environmental microorganisms: Methods, application, and perspective, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 93, 993–1003 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. S.G. Tringe, P. Hugenholtz: A renaissance for the pioneering 16S rRNA gene, Current Opin. Microbiol. 11, 442–446 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. J. Pérez-Jiménez, L. Kerkhof: Phylogeography of sulfate-reducing bacteria among disturbed sediments, disclosed by analysis of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB), Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 1004–1011 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. G. Braker, H.C.L. Ayala-del-Río, A.H. Devol, A. Fesefeldt, J.M. Tiedje: Community structure of denitrifiers, Bacteria, and Archaea along redox gradients in Pacific Northwest marine sediments by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of amplified nitrite reductase (nirS) and 16S rRNA genes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67, 1893–1901 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. J.P. Zehr: Nitrogen fixation by marine cyanobacteria, Trends Microbiol. 19, 162–173 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. S.-J. Park, B.-J. Park, S.-K. Rhee: Comparative analysis of archaeal 16S rRNA and amoA genes to estimate the abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in marine sediments, Extremophiles 12, 605–615 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. M.S. Marcos, M. Lozada, W.D. Di Marzio, H.M. Dionisi: Abundance, dynamics, and biogeographic distribution of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenase gene variants in coastal sediments of Patagonia, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78, 1589–1592 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. L.M. Guibert, C.L. Loviso, M.S. Marcos, M.G. Commendatore, H.M. Dionisi, M. Lozada: Alkane biodegradation genes from chronically polluted Subantarctic coastal sediments and their shifts in response to oil exposure, Microb. Ecol. 64, 605–616 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. W.J. Hickey, S. Chen, J. Zhao: The phn island: A new genomic island encoding catabolism of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Front. Microbiol. 3, 125 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. G. Harms, A.C. Layton, H.M. Dionisi, I.R. Gregory, V.M. Garrett, S.A. Hawkins, K.G. Robinson, G.S. Sayler: Real-time PCR quantification of nitrifying bacteria in a municipal wastewater treatment plant, Environ. Sci. Technol. 37, 343–351 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. C. Lebron, E. Petrovskis, F. Loffler, K. Henn: Application of nucleic acid-based tools for monitoring monitored natural attenuation (MNA), biostimulation and bioaugmentation at chlorinated solvent sites (Environmental Security Technology Certification Program US Department of Defense, ER-0518 Final Report, www.serdp.org, 2011)

  69. J.D. Neufeld, M. Wagner, J.C. Murrell: Who eats what, where and when? Isotope-labelling experiments are coming of age, ISME Journal 1, 103–110 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. M.G. Dumont, J.C. Murrell: Stable isotope probing – Linking microbial identity to function, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 499–504 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. A.S. Whiteley, M. Manefield, T. Lueders: Unlocking the “microbial black box” using RNA-based stable isotope probing technologies, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 17, 67–71 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. G. Webster, L.C. Watt, J. Rinna, J.C. Fry, R.P. Evershed, R.J. Parkes, A.J. Weightman: A comparison of stable-isotope probing of DNA and phospholipid fatty acids to study prokaryotic functional diversity in sulfate-reducing marine sediment enrichment slurries, Environ. Microbiol. 8, 1575–1589 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. T.E. Freitag, L. Chang, J.I. Prosser: Changes in the community structure and activity of betaproteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing sediment bacteria along a freshwater–marine gradient, Environ. Microbiol. 8, 684–696 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. T. Miyatake, B.J. MacGregor, H.T.S. Boschker: Linking microbial community function to phylogeny of sulfate-reducing Deltaproteobacteria in marine sediments by combining stable isotope probing with magnetic-bead capture hybridization of 16S rRNA, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 4927–4935 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. J.D. Neufeld, Y. Chen, M.G. Dumont, J.C. Murrell: Marine methylotrophs revealed by stable-isotope probing, multiple displacement amplification and metagenomics, Environ. Microbiol. 10, 1526–1535 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. E.L. Madsen: The use of stable isotope probing techniques in bioreactor and field studies on bioremediation, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 17, 92–97 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. R.I. Amann, W. Ludwig, K.H. Schleifer: Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation, Microbiol. Reviews 59, 143–169 (1995)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. M. Wagner, M. Horn, H. Daims: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation for the identification characterisation of prokaryotes, Current Opin. Microbiol. 6, 302–309 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. K. Ishii, M. Mußmann, B.J. MacGregor, R. Amann: An improved fluorescence in situ hybridization protocol for the identification of bacteria and archaea in marine sediments, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 50, 203–213 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. E. Teira, T. Reinthaler, A. Pernthaler, J. Pernthaler, G.J. Herndl: Combining catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography to detect substrate utilization by Bacteria and Archaea in the deep ocean, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 4411–4414 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. S. Behrens, T. Lösekann, J. Pett-Ridge, P.K. Weber, W.-O. Ng, B.S. Stevenson, I.D. Hutcheon, D.A. Relman, A.M. Spormann: Linking microbial phylogeny to metabolic activity at the single-cell level by using enhanced element labeling-catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (EL-FISH) and NanoSIMS, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 3143–3150 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. T. Li, T.-D. Wu, L. Mazéas, L. Toffin, J.-L. Guerquin-Kern, G. Leblon, T. Bouchez: Simultaneous analysis of microbial identity and function using NanoSIMS, Environ. Microbiol. 10, 580–588 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. D. Wang, S. Bodovitz: Single cell analysis: The new frontier in “omics”, Trends Biotechnol. 28, 281–290 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. R.D. Fleischmann, M.D. Adams, O. White, R.A. Clayton, E.F. Kirkness, A.R. Kerlavage, C.J. Bult, J.F. Tomb, B.A. Dougherty, J.M. Merrick, K. McKenney, G. Sutton, W. FitzHugh, C. Fields, J.D. Gocayne, J. Scott, R. Shirley, L.-I. Liu, A. Glodek, J.M. Kelley, J.F. Weidman, C.A. Phillips, T. Spriggs, E. Hedblom, M.D. Cotton, T.R. Utterback, M.C. Hanna, D.T. Nguyen, D.M. Saudek, R.C. Brandon, L.D. Fine, J.L. Fritchman, J.L. Fuhrmann, N.S.M. Geoghagen, C.L. Gnehm, L.A. McDonald, K.V. Small, C.M. Fraser, H.O. Smith, J.C. Venter: Whole-genome random sequencing and assembly of Haemophilus influenzae Rd, Science 269, 496–512 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. K. Lagesen, D.W. Ussery, T.M. Wassenaar: Genome update: The 1000th genome – a cautionary tale, Microbiology 156, 603–608 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. E. Mardis, J. McPherson, R. Martienssen, R.K. Wilson, W.R. McCombie: What is finished, and why does it matter, Genome Res. 12, 669–671 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. D. MacLean, J.D.G. Jones, D.J. Studholme: Application of “next-generation” sequencing technologies to microbial genetics, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 7, 287–296 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  88. N. Ricker, H. Qian, R.R. Fulthorpe: The limitations of draft assemblies for understanding prokaryotic adaptation and evolution, Genomics 100, 167–175 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. J. Jiang, J. Li, H.S. Kwan, C.H. Au, P.T.W. Law, L. Li, K.M. Kam, J.M.L. Ling, F.C. Leung: A cost-effective and universal strategy for complete prokaryotic genomic sequencing proposed by computer simulation, BMC Res. Notes 5, 80 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. S.B. Zotchev, O.N. Sekurova, L. Katz: Genome-based bioprospecting of microbes for new therapeutics, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 23, 941–947 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. D.W. Udwary, L. Zeigler, R.N. Asolkar, V. Singan, A. Lapidus, W. Fenical, P.R. Jensen, B.S. Moore: Genome sequencing reveals complex secondary metabolome in the marine actinomycete Salinispora tropica, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 10376–10381 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. N. Ziemert, S. Podell, K. Penn, J.H. Badger, E. Allen, P.R. Jensen: The natural product domain seeker NaPDoS: A phylogeny based bioinformatic tool to classify secondary metabolite gene diversity, PLoS One 7, e34064 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. S.G. Van Lanen, B. Shen: Microbial genomics for the improvement of natural product discovery, Current Opin. Microbiol. 9, 252–260 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. R. Madupu, A. Richter, R.J. Dodson, L. Brinkac, D. Harkins, S. Durkin, S. Shrivastava, G. Sutton, D. Haft: CharProtDB: A database of experimentally characterized protein annotations, Nucleic Acids Res. 40, D237–D241 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. J.E. Velásquez, W.A. van der Donk: Genome mining for ribosomally synthesized natural products, Current Opin. Chem. Biol. 15, 11–21 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. A.J. Wargacki, E. Leonard, M.N. Win, D.D. Regitsky, C.N.S. Santos, P.B. Kim, S.R. Cooper, R.M. Raisner, A. Herman, A.B. Sivitz, A. Lakshmanaswamy, Y. Kashiyama, D. Baker, Y. Yoshikuni: An engineered microbial platform for direct biofuel production from brown macroalgae, Science 335, 308–313 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. B. Li, D. Sher, L. Kelly, Y. Shi, K. Huang, P.J. Knerr, I. Joewono, D. Rusch, S.W. Chisholm, W.A. van der Donk: Catalytic promiscuity in the biosynthesis of cyclic peptide secondary metabolites in planktonic marine cyanobacteria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 10430–10435 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. V.R. de Berardinis, M. Durot, J. Weissenbach, M. Salanoubat: Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 as a model for metabolic system biology, Current Opin. Microbiol. 12, 568–576 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. W. Zhang, F. Li, L. Nie: Integrating multiple “omics” analysis for microbial biology: application and methodologies, Microbiology 156, 287–301 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. M.J. Filiatrault: Progress in prokaryotic transcriptomics, Current Opin. Microbiol. 14, 579–586 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. A.H.M. Van Vliet: Next generation sequencing of microbial transcriptomes: challenges and opportunities, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 302, 1–7 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. S.J. Cordwell: Microbial proteomics: How far have we come?, Microb. Aust. 32, 169–173 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  103. S.Y. Ow, P.C. Wright: Current trends in high throughput proteomics in cyanobacteria, FEBS Lett. 583, 1744–1752 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. J. Liu, L. Chen, J. Wang, J. Qiao, W. Zhang: Proteomic analysis reveals resistance mechanism against biofuel hexane in Synechocystis sp., PCC 6803, Biotechnol. Biofuels 5, 68 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. J. Qiao, J. Wang, L. Chen, X. Tian, S. Huang, X. Ren, W. Zhang: quantitative iTRAQ LC-MS/MS proteomics reveals metabolic responses to biofuel ethanol in cyanobacterial Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, J. Proteome Res. 11, 5286–5300 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. W.M. van Gulik: Fast sampling for quantitative microbial metabolomics, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 21, 27–34 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. F.S.O. Fritzsch, C. Dusny, O. Frick, A. Schmid: Single-cell analysis in biotechnology, systems biology, and biocatalysis, Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 3, 129–155 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. K.E.J. Tyo, K. Kocharin, J. Nielsen: Toward design-based engineering of industrial microbes, Current Opin. Microbiol. 13, 255–262 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. S. Ishii, K. Tago, K. Senoo: Single-cell analysis and isolation for microbiology and biotechnology: Methods and applications, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 86, 1281–1292 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Y. Kang, M.H. Norris, J. Zarzycki-Siek, W.C. Nierman, S.P. Donachie, T.T. Hoang: Transcript amplification from single bacterium for transcriptome analysis, Genome Res. 21, 925–935 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. A. Bankevich, S. Nurk, D. Antipov, A.A. Gurevich, M. Dvorkin, A.S. Kulikov, V.M. Lesin, S.I. Nikolenko, S. Pham, A.D. Prjibelski, A.V. Pyshkin, A.V. Sirotkin, N. Vyahhi, G. Tesler, M.A. Alekseyev, P.A. Pevzner: SPAdes: A new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing, J. Comput. Biol. 19, 455–477 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. T. Woyke, A. Sczyrba, J. Lee, C. Rinke, D. Tighe, S. Clingenpeel, R. Malmstrom, R. Stepanauskas, J.-F. Cheng: Decontamination of MDA reagents for single cell whole genome amplification, PLoS One 6, e26161 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. A.E.K. Dichosa, M.S. Fitzsimons, C.-C. Lo, L.L. Weston, L.G. Preteska, J.P. Snook, X. Zhang, W. Gu, K. McMurry, L.D. Green, P.S. Chain, J.C. Detter, C.S. Han: Artificial polyploidy improves bacterial single cell Genome recovery, PLoS One 7, e37387 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. R. Stepanauskas: Single cell genomics: an individual look at microbes, Current Opin. Microbiol. 15, 613–620 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. H.S. Yoon, D.C. Price, R. Stepanauskas, V.D. Rajah, M.E. Sieracki, W.H. Wilson, E.C. Yang, S. Duffy, D. Bhattacharya: Single-cell genomics reveals organismal interactions in uncultivated marine protists, Science 332, 714–717 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. J. Kamke, K. Bayer, T. Woyke, U. Hentschel: Exploring symbioses by single-cell genomics, Biol. Bulletin 223, 30–43 (2012)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. K. Bayer, M. Scheuermayer, L. Fieseler, U. Hentschel: Genomic mining for novel FADH${}_{{2}}$-dependent halogenases in marine spongeassociated microbial consortia, Mar. Biotechnol. 15, 63–72 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. M. Martinez-Garcia, D.M. Brazel, B.K. Swan, C. Arnosti, P.S.G. Chain, K.G. Reitenga, G. Xie, N.J. Poulton, M.L. Gomez, D.E.D. Masland, B. Thompson, W.K. Bellows, K. Ziervogel, C.-C. Lo, S. Ahmed, C.D. Gleasner, C.J. Detter, R. Stepanauskas: Capturing single cell genomes of active polysaccharide degraders: An unexpected contribution of Verrucomicrobia, PLoS One 7, e35314 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. R.R. Malmstrom, S. Rodrigue, K.H. Huang, L. Kelly, S.E. Kern, A. Thompson, S. Roggensack, P.M. Berube, M.R. Henn, S.W. Chisholm: Ecology of uncultured Prochlorococcus clades revealed through single-cell genomics and biogeographic analysis, ISME Journal 7, 184–198 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. J.A. Gilbert, C.L. Dupont: Microbial metagenomics: beyond the genome, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 3, 347–371 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. W.R. Streit, R. Daniel: Metagenomics: Methods and protocols. In: Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 668 (Humana, New York 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  122. S. Shokralla, J.L. Spall, J.F. Gibson, M. Hajibabaei: Next-generation sequencing technologies for environmental DNA research, Mol. Ecol. 21, 1794–1805 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. C. Simon, R. Daniel: Metagenomic analyses: past and future trends, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 77, 1153–1161 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. D.M. Ekkers, M.S. Cretoiu, A.M. Kielak, J.D. van Elsas: The great screen anomaly – A new frontier in product discovery through functional metagenomics, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 93, 1005–1020 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. J. Kennedy, N.D. O'Leary, G.S. Kiran, J.P. Morrissey, F. O'Gara, J. Selvin, A.D.W. Dobson: Functional metagenomic strategies for the discovery of novel enzymes and biosurfactants with biotechnological applications from marine ecosystems, J. Appl. Microbiol. 111, 787–799 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. R. Cavicchioli, T. Charlton, H. Ertan, S. Mohd Omar, K.S. Siddiqui, T.J. Williams: Biotechnological uses of enzymes from psychrophiles, Microb. Biotechnol. 4, 449–460 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. J. Kennedy, J.R. Marchesi, A.D.W. Dobson: Marine metagenomics: Strategies for the discovery of novel enzymes with biotechnological applications from marine environments, Microb. Cell Fact. 7, 27 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. J. Piel: Approaches to capturing and designing biologically active small molecules produced by uncultured microbes, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 65, 431–453 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. T. Uchiyama, K. Miyazaki: Functional metagenomics for enzyme discovery: Challenges to efficient screening, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 20, 616–622 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. F.-X. Lussier, O. Chambenoit, A. Côté, J.-F. Hupé, F. Denis, P. Juteau, R. Beaudet, F. Shareck: Construction and functional screening of a metagenomic library using a T7 RNA polymerase-based expression cosmid vector, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38, 1321–1328 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. M. Taupp, K. Mewis, S.J. Hallam: The art and design of functional metagenomic screens, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 22, 465–472 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. G. Hannig, S.C. Makrides: Strategies for optimizing heterologous protein expression in Escherichia coli, Trends Biotechnol. 16, 54–60 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. R.L. Warren, J.D. Freeman, R.C. Levesque, D.E. Smailus, S. Flibotte, R.A. Holt: Transcription of foreign DNA in Escherichia coli, Genome Res. 18, 1798–1805 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. M.D. McMahon, C. Guan, J. Handelsman, M.G. Thomas: Metagenomic analysis of Streptomyces lividans reveals host-dependent functional expression, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78, 3622–3629 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. K.S. Kakirde, J. Wild, R. Godiska, D.A. Mead, A.G. Wiggins, R.M. Goodman, W. Szybalski, M.R. Liles: Gram negative shuttle BAC vector for heterologous expression of metagenomic libraries, Gene 475, 57–62 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. J.R. Bernstein, T. Bulter, C.R. Shen, J.C. Liao: Directed evolution of ribosomal protein S1 for enhanced translational efficiency of high GC Rhodopseudomonas palustris DNA in Escherichia coli, J. Biol. Chem. 282, 18929–18936 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. R. Schmieder, R. Edwards: Insights into antibiotic resistance through metagenomic approaches, Future Microbiol. 7, 73–89 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. T. Uchiyama, K. Miyazaki: Product-induced gene expression, a product-responsive reporter assay used to screen metagenomic libraries for enzyme-encoding genes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76, 7029–7035 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. T. Uchiyama, K. Miyazaki: Substrate-induced gene expression screening: A method for high-throughput screening of metagenome libraries, Methods Mol. Biol. 668, 153–168 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. J.H. Kim, Z. Feng, J.D. Bauer, D. Kallifidas, P.Y. Calle, S.F. Brady: Cloning large natural product gene clusters from the environment: Piecing environmental DNA gene clusters back together with TAR, Biopolymers 93(833), 844 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  141. M. Ferrer, A. Beloqui, K.N. Timmis, P.N. Golyshin: Metagenomics for mining new genetic resources of microbial communities, J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16, 109–123 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. B. Temperton, S.J. Giovannoni: Metagenomics: microbial diversity through a scratched lens, Current Opin. Microbiol. 15, 605–612 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. R. Mackelprang, M.P. Waldrop, K.M. DeAngelis, M.M. David, K.L. Chavarria, S.J. Blazewicz, E.M. Rubin, J.K. Jansson: Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw, Nature 480, 368–371 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. M. Hess, A. Sczyrba, R. Egan, T.W. Kim, H. Chokhawala, G. Schroth, S. Luo, D.S. Clark, F. Chen, T. Zhang, R.I. Mackie, L.A. Pennacchio, S.G. Tringe, A. Visel, T. Woyke, Z. Wang, E.M. Rubin: Metagenomic discovery of biomass-degrading genes and genomes from cow rumen, Science 331, 463–467 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. T.S. Bayer, D.M. Widmaier, K. Temme, E.A. Mirsky, D.V. Santi, C.A. Voigt: Synthesis of methyl hyalides from biomass using engineered microbes, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 6508–6515 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. M.S. Siddiqui, K. Thodey, I. Trenchard, C.D. Smolke: Advancing secondary metabolite biosynthesis in yeast with synthetic biology tools, FEMS Yeast Res. 12, 144–170 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. V.K. Sharma, N. Kumar, T. Prakash, T.D. Taylor: MetaBioME: A database to explore commercially useful enzymes in metagenomic datasets, Nucleic Acids Res. 38, D468–D472 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. F. Warnecke, M. Hess: A perspective: Metatranscriptomics as a tool for the discovery of novel biocatalysts, J. Biotechnol. 142, 91–95 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. J. Wu, W. Gao, W. Zhang, D.R. Meldrum: Optimization of whole-transcriptome amplification from low cell density deep-sea microbial samples for metatranscriptomic analysis, J. Microbiol. Methods 84, 88–93 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. M.A. Moran, B. Satinsky, S.M. Gifford, H. Luo, A. Rivers, L.-K. Chan, J. Meng, B.P. Durham, C. Shen, V.A. Varaljay, C.B. Smith, P.L. Yager, B.M. Hopkinson: Sizing up metatranscriptomics, ISME Journal 7, 237–243 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. G. Giannoukos, D.M. Ciulla, K. Huang, B.J. Haas, J. Izard, J.Z. Levin, J. Livny, A.M. Earl, D. Gevers, D.V. Ward, C. Nusbaum, B.W. Birren, A. Gnirke: Efficient and robust RNA-seq process for cultured bacteria and complex community transcriptomes, Genome Biol. 13, r23 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. S.M. Gifford, S. Sharma, M. Booth, M.A. Moran: Expression patterns reveal niche diversification in a marine microbial assemblage, ISME Journal 7, 281–298 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. A. Marchetti, D.M. Schruth, C.A. Durkin, M.S. Parker, R.B. Kodner, C.T. Berthiaume, R. Morales, A.E. Allen, E.V. Armbrust: Comparative metatranscriptomics identifies molecular bases for the physiological responses of phytoplankton to varying iron availability, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109, E317–E325 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. O.U. Mason, T.C. Hazen, S. Borglin, P.S.G. Chain, E.A. Dubinsky, J.L. Fortney, J. Han, H.-Y.N. Holman, J. Hultman, R. Lamendella, R. Mackelprang, S. Malfatti, L.M. Tom, S.G. Tringe, T. Woyke, J. Zhou, E.M. Rubin, J.K. Jansson: Metagenome, metatranscriptome and single-cell sequencing reveal microbial response to Deepwater Horizon oil spill, ISME Journal 6, 1715–1727 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. F.J. Stewart, O. Ulloa, E.F. DeLong: Microbial metatranscriptomics in a permanent marine oxygen minimum zone, Environ. Microbiol. 14, 23–40 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. K. Anantharaman, J.A. Breier, C.S. Sheik, G.J. Dick: Evidence for hydrogen oxidation and metabolic plasticity in widespread deep-sea sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, 330–335 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. H. Dahle, I. Roalkvam, I.H. Thorseth, R.B. Pedersen, I.H. Steen: The versatile in situ gene expression of an Epsilonproteobacteria-dominated biofilm from a hydrothermal chimney, Environ. Microbiol. Rep. 5(2), 282–290 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. J. Kennedy, B. Flemer, S.A. Jackson, D.P.H. Lejon, J.P. Morrissey, F. O'Gara, A.D.W. Dobson: Marine metagenomics: new tools for the study and exploitation of marine microbial metabolism, Mar. Drugs 8, 608–628 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. P. Wilmes, P.L. Bond: Microbial community proteomics: Elucidating the catalysts and metabolic mechanisms that drive the Earth's biogeochemical cycles, Current Opin. Microbiol. 12, 310–317 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. M. Keller, R. Hettich: Environmental proteomics: A paradigm shift in characterizing microbial activities at the molecular level, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 73, 62–70 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. J. Kan, T.E. Hanson, J.M. Ginter, K. Wang, F. Chen: Metaproteomic analysis of Chesapeake Bay microbial communities, Saline Syst. 1, 7 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. S.M. Sowell, L.J. Wilhelm, A.D. Norbeck, M.S. Lipton, C.D. Nicora, D.F. Barofsky, C.A. Carlson, R.D. Smith, S.J. Giovanonni: Transport functions dominate the SAR11 metaproteome at low-nutrient extremes in the Sargasso Sea, ISME Journal 3, 93–105 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. R.M. Morris, B.L. Nunn, C. Frazar, D.R. Goodlett, Y.S. Ting, G. Rocap: Comparative metaproteomics reveals ocean-scale shifts in microbial nutrient utilization and energy transduction, ISME Journal 4, 673–685 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. S.M. Sowell, P.E. Abraham, M. Shah, N.C. Verberkmoes, D.P. Smith, D.F. Barofsky, S.J. Giovannoni: Environmental proteomics of microbial plankton in a highly productive coastal upwelling system, ISME Journal 5, 856–865 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. M. Kleiner, C. Wentrup, C. Lott, H. Teeling, S. Wetzel, J. Young, Y.-J. Chang, M. Shah, N.C. VerBerkmoes, J. Zarzycki, G. Fuchs, S. Markert, K. Hempel, B. Voigt, D. Becher, M. Liebeke, M. Lalk, D. Albrecht, M. Hecker, T. Schweder, N. Dubilier: Metaproteomics of a gutless marine worm and its symbiotic microbial community reveal unusual pathways for carbon and energy use, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109, E1173–E1182 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. J. Raes, P. Bork: Molecular eco-systems biology: towards an understanding of community function, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6, 693–699 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. N. Klitgord, D. Segrè: Ecosystems biology of microbial metabolism, Current Opin. Biotechnol. 22, 541–546 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. K. Zengler, B.O. Palsson: A road map for the development of community systems (CoSy) biology, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 10, 366–372 (2012)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. T. Rajesh, J. Rajendhran, P. Gunasekaran: Genomic technologies in environmental bioremediation. In: Microorganisms in Environmental Management: Microbes and Environment, ed. by T. Satyanarayana, B.N. Johri (Springer, Dordrecht 2012) pp. 701–718

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  170. H.M. Dionisi, M. Lozada, N.L. Olivera: Bioprospection of marine microorganisms: potential and challenges for Argentina, Rev. Argent. Microbiol. 44, 122–132 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Patagonian National Research Center (CENPAT-CONICET), Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    Mariana Lozada & Hebe M. Dionisi

Authors
  1. Mariana Lozada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hebe M. Dionisi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hebe M. Dionisi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine-Bio. Convergence Science Specialized Graduate School Science & Technology Convergence Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Yongdang Campus, 365, Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, 608-739, Busan, Korea

    Se-Kwon Kim Prof.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lozada, M., Dionisi, H.M. (2015). Microbial Bioprospecting in Marine Environments. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation