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Emmy Noether

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Part of the book series: Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series ((SUMS))

Abstract

Emmy Noether is universally regarded as the greatest woman mathematician so far. In this chapter, we look at some of her work in the creation of modern algebra.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    She eventually obtained a modest salary.

  2. 2.

    As was her brother Fritz, a physicist, who left for the Soviet Union where he was eventually murdered in the purges of the 1930s.

  3. 3.

    For this Noether , in an account written by someone who does know all three Noether s, see (Kosman-Schwarzbach 2011).

  4. 4.

    Fraenkel added two further definitions to assist him in obtaining factorisation theorems; see (Corry 1996, p. 210).

  5. 5.

    There is an English translation of this paper by Daniel Berlyne, who took this course for pleasure in 2013–14; see arXiv:1401.2577 [math.RA].

  6. 6.

    A ring R has zero divisors a, b ∈ R if a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, ab = 0.

  7. 7.

    As Corry points out (1996, p. 239), Noether ’s use of the ascending chain condition is much more explicit and central in her paper (1926), which unfortunately I cannot consider here.

References

  • Corry, L.: Modern algebra and the rise of mathematical structures. Science Networks. Historical Studies, vol. 17, 2nd edn. 2004. Birkhäuser, Basel (1996)

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  • Fraenkel, A.: Über die Teiler der Null und die Zerlegung von Ringen. J. Math. 145, 139–176 (1914)

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  • Koreuber, M.: Emmy Noether, die Noether-Schule und die moderne Algebra. Zur Geschichte einer kulturellen Bewegung. Springer, Berlin (2015)

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  • Kosman-Schwarzbach, Y.: The Noether Theorems: Invariance and Conservation Laws in the Twentieth Century: Invariance and Conservation Laws in the 20th Century, B. Schwarzbach (transl.). Springer, Berlin (2011)

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Gray, J. (2018). Emmy Noether. In: A History of Abstract Algebra. Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94773-0_28

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