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Bituminous Binder

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Testing and Characterization of Sustainable Innovative Bituminous Materials and Systems

Part of the book series: RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports ((RILEM State Art Reports,volume 24))

Abstract

One of the most important aspects of asphalt pavement deterioration is the ingress of water in pavement which leads to loss of the material characteristics, even material integrity with loss of aggregates. Thus the behaviour of asphalt mixture under moisture conditions is one of the key parameter for specifications. It’s a complex phenomenon which is influenced amongst other things by materials properties with wetting, cohesion and adhesion of bituminous binder and by environmental conditions with temperature, moisture, loading and layer type. It has been a research subject for a very long time and still not precisely described. A large number of test methods is available to estimate the affinity between aggregates and bituminous binders. These test methods can be subdivided in different ways; a first distinction can be based on the presence or absence of water during the test procedure. If water is present, the evaluation is in fact referred to as water sensitivity or moisture damage testing. Another distinction can be based on the type of sample that is evaluated. The test sample can be loose aggregates coated with a bituminous binder or a compacted asphalt mix sample. Lastly the individual components, bitumen and aggregate, can be tested separately through intrinsic properties. Furthermore, test results can also be based on the quantification of the test results, whether this is based on a qualitative or a quantitative evaluation. In RILEM TC 237 SIB, TG1 the main purpose was to evaluate common test methods, used to assess the affinity of bitumen to aggregate surfaces, to determine, if possible, the repeatability and reproducibility and to give recommendations for improvement. In this study both binders and aggregates have been considered. Three bituminous binders, two unmodified from different sources, one polymer modified binder, and four aggregate types, with different mineralogy, have been selected. The test methods considered in the study include the rolling bottle test, the boiling water stripping test and the bitumen bond strength test; also surface energy was investigated. This chapter presents the results of these tests and their accuracy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kraton Chemical, Almere, The Netherlands

    Laurent Porot

  2. Nynas, Machelen, Belgium

    Hilde Soenen

  3. Kuwait Petroleum, The Hague, The Netherlands

    Jeroen Besamusca

  4. University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    Alex Apeagyei & James Grenfell

  5. Belgium Road Research Center, Brussels, Belgium

    Stefan Vansteenkiste

  6. LUNAM Université, IFSTTAR, Bouguenais, France

    Emmanuel Chailleux & Vincent Gaudefroy

  7. Wisconsin University, Madison, USA

    Preeda Chaturabong

  8. University Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Cristina Tozzo

  9. Aggregates Industries, Coalville, UK

    Ignacio Artamendi

  10. Road & Bridge Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

    Darius Sybilski

  11. Repsol, Madrid, Spain

    Francisco Barcelo Martinez

  12. VTI, Linköping, Sweden

    Said Safwat

  13. EMPA, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Manfred N. Partl

  14. Universita Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Francesco Canestrari

  15. ISBS Braunschweig University, Braunschweig, Germany

    Elisabeth Hauser & Michael Wistuba

Authors
  1. Laurent Porot
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  2. Hilde Soenen
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  3. Jeroen Besamusca
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  4. Alex Apeagyei
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  6. Stefan Vansteenkiste
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  7. Emmanuel Chailleux
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  8. Vincent Gaudefroy
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  9. Preeda Chaturabong
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  10. Cristina Tozzo
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  14. Said Safwat
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  15. Manfred N. Partl
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  16. Francesco Canestrari
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  17. Elisabeth Hauser
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  18. Michael Wistuba
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Correspondence to Laurent Porot .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Road Engineering/Sealing Components, Empa, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Manfred N. Partl

  2. Arizona Chemical, Almere, The Netherlands

    Laurent Porot

  3. Génie Civil et Bâtiment, University of Lyon, Vaulx-en-Velin, Lyon, France

    Hervé Di Benedetto

  4. Dipartimento ICEA, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Francesco Canestrari

  5. IFSTTAR, Bouguenais, France

    Paul Marsac

  6. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

    Gabriele Tebaldi

Glossary

RILEM

Réunion internationale des laboratoires et experts en matériaux

SIB

Testing and characterization of sustainable innovative bituminous materials and systems

TG1

Task group 1

SHRP

Strategic highway research program

ITS

Indirect tensile strength

ITSR

Indirect tensile strength ratio

CAST

Coaxial shear test

APA

Asphalt pavement analyser

EAPA

European asphalt pavement association

FEHRL

Federal highway agencies

CEN

European committee on standardization

BBS

Bitumen bond strength

AASHTO

American association of state highway and transportation officials

RRT

Round robin test

IFSTTAR

Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et des réseaux

NTEC

Nottingham transportation engineering centre

XRF

X-ray fluorescence

RBT

Rolling bottle test

PmB

Polymer modified bitumen

PATTI®

Pneumatic adhesion tensile testing instrument

POTS

Pull-off tensile strength

Ag

Contact area of gasket with reaction plate (mm2)

BP

Burst pressure (kPa)

Aps

Area of pull stub (mm2)

C

Piston constant

BSR

Bond strength ratio

NOPTS

New pull-off test

γ

surface energy of bitumen or aggregate (mJ/m2)

γLW

Dispersive part of Lifshitz–van der Waals interaction of the surface energy (mJ/m2)

γAB

Polar part of Lifshitz–van der Waals interaction and acid-base component of the surface energy (mJ/m2)

γ+

Lewis acid component of surface interaction

γ-

Lewis base component of surface interaction

γP

Polar component of surface tension energy

γD

Dispersive component of surface tension energy

γS

Substrate surface energy

γL

Liquid surface tension

γSL

Liquid/substrate interfacial tension

Wadh

Adhesion work

\(W_{adh}^{P}\)

Polar components of adhesion work

\(W_{adh}^{D}\)

Dispersive component of adhesion work

\(W_{BA}^{a}\)

Dry bond strength, interfacial adhesion work between the bitumen (B) and aggregate (A)

\(W_{BWA}^{a}\)

Interfacial adhesion work between the bitumen (B) and aggregate (A) in presence of water

WBB

Bitumen cohesion

WBL

Adhesion work between bitumen (B) and a probe liquid (L)

DCA

Dynamic contact angle

DVS

Dynamic vapour sorption

DSA

Drop shape analyser

CAM

Contact angle measurement

SSA

Specific surface area

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Porot, L. et al. (2018). Bituminous Binder. In: Partl, M., Porot, L., Di Benedetto, H., Canestrari, F., Marsac, P., Tebaldi, G. (eds) Testing and Characterization of Sustainable Innovative Bituminous Materials and Systems. RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports, vol 24. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71023-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71023-5_2

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-71023-5

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