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Cytopathology pp 22–24Cite as

Astrocytoma, Cytological Findings

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Synonyms

Anaplastic astrocytoma (Astrocytoma grade 3); Diffuse astrocytoma; Glioblastoma (Astrocytoma grade 4)

Definition

Neoplasms composed by astrocytes with variable differentiation and infiltration with a spectrum of astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma.

Clinical Features

  • Incidence

    Astrocytoma represents 10–15% of astrocytic neoplasias and glioblastoma 60–75% of astrocytic tumors.

  • Age

    The age distribution of astrocytoma shows a peak incidence between 30 and 40, anaplastic astrocytoma around 40 years, and glioblastoma affects adults between 45 and 75 years.

  • Sex

    There is a predominance of male in astrocytomas and glioblastoma.

  • Site

    Mainly on cerebral hemispheres.

  • Treatment

    The care of patients with astrocytomas in different grades involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

  • Outcome

    The mean survival in astrocytomas is in the range of 6–8 years and is influenced by the progression to glioblastoma. Anaplastic astrocytoma has a strong tendency to progress to...

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References and Further Reading

  • Bigner, S. H., & Carter, A. L. (2008). Central nervous system. In M. Bibbo & D. C. Wilbur (Eds.), Comprehensive cytopathology. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.

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  • Moss, T. H., Nicoll, J. A. R., & Ironside, J. W. (1997). Intra-operative diagnosis of central nervous tumours. London: Arnould.

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  • Sevlever, G. (2011). Líquido cefalorraquídeo y biopsias aspirativas estereotáxicas del sistema nervioso central. In M. Gamboni & E. F. Miziara (Eds.), Citopatología diagnsóstica. São Paulo: Manole.

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  • Torres, L. F. B., & Collaco, L. M. (1992). Smear technique for the intraoperative examination of nervous system lesions. Acta Cytologica, 37, 34–39.

    Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Evangelical Faculty of Parana, Federal University of Parana, 324 – Bela Vista, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Luiz M. Collaço

  2. Evangelical Faculty of Parana, Catholic University of Parana, Rua Padre Anchieta 2770, Curitiba-PR, CEP 80.730, Brazil

    Ana Cristina Lira Sobral

Authors
  1. Luiz M. Collaço
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  2. Ana Cristina Lira Sobral
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luiz M. Collaço .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire national de santé, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg

    Fernando Schmitt

  2. Medical Faculty of Porto University and IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal

    Fernando Schmitt

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

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Cite this entry

Collaço, L.M., Sobral, A.C.L. (2017). Astrocytoma, Cytological Findings. In: Schmitt, F. (eds) Cytopathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33286-4_818

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33286-4_818

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-33285-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-33286-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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