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Synthesis of Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Green Methods and Their Applications

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Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 41

Part of the book series: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews ((SARV,volume 41))

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an exciting field of research; numerous versatile nanoparticles can be synthesized into a range of sizes, shapes, and chemical compositions, ultimately offering extensive applications for humans. Correct synthesis, manipulation, and use of metal NPs grant them with unique thermal, optical and electronic properties. In material science, ‘green’ synthesis has been considered a reliable, sustainable and environmentally-friendly protocol. Non-toxic and environmentally-friendly methods have been developed for synthesis of metal/metal oxide NPs. These techniques use live organisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, and plants and their tissues and extracts. The biomolecules of natural extracts, such as enzymes, flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids can be used as reducing agents of metal ions to metal NPs. Whilst the physical and chemical techniques used in traditional synthesis methods have raised environmental concerns due to use of hazardous chemicals and their possible emissions to the environment, green methods have made it possible to develop a simple, rapid, and environmentally-friendly means of synthesizing NPs. NPs produced by green methods are usually more stable and do not require application of chemical stabilizers; as a result, toxic residues do not enter the environment. Green-synthesized NPs have extensive applications for their antibacterial and antifungal properties and may be used as either plant growth stimulators or inhibitors, depending on their type, size, and shape, as well as the specific plant species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Latifeh Pourakbar

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Sina Siavash Moghaddam

  3. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia

    Jelena Popović-Djordjević

Authors
  1. Latifeh Pourakbar
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  2. Sina Siavash Moghaddam
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  3. Jelena Popović-Djordjević
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Latifeh Pourakbar or Jelena Popović-Djordjević .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shamsul Hayat

  2. Environment, Geology and Natural Resources, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA

    John Pichtel

  3. Tree Seed Center, College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China

    Mohammad Faizan

  4. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Qazi Fariduddin

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Pourakbar, L., Siavash Moghaddam, S., Popović-Djordjević, J. (2020). Synthesis of Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Green Methods and Their Applications. In: Hayat, S., Pichtel, J., Faizan, M., Fariduddin, Q. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 41. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 41. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33996-8_3

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