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Identification of Knickpoints in Littoral Basins of Argentine Patagonia: Geomorphic Markers in a Passive Margin

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Book cover Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina

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Abstract

Knickpoints are an expression of disequilibrium in a fluvial system and they occur in both alluvial and bedrock rivers. A significant amount of research in the past decade around the globe demonstrated the usefulness of the knickpoints as geomorphic markers, specially in active margins, which due to its formation is related to tectonic, climatic and geomorphic processes. However, less attention is paid to the fluvial systems in well-developed along the passive coastal margin as the Atlantic Ocean coast in Patagonia. For the first time in this region, knickpoint analysis together with hypsometric curves and longitudinal stream profiles studies were conducted to understand the landform evolution in coastal basins along the passive margin in Bustamante and Solano Bays (Chubut province, Patagonia, Argentina) during the recent past. The methodology employed digital elevation models (DEMs) and satellite images which have been processed by ArcGIS software using such specific tools as (1) ArcHydro and knickpointfinder, (2) CalHypso, and (3) TopoToolbox (which contains a set of MATLAB functions) to complete the proposed studies. A total of 590 knickpoints were identified along longitudinal fluvial profiles in 18 basins. The results suggest that knickpoints frequency and density vary according to the lithological-structural and tectonic conditions, and it is possible to separate two sectors in the study area, in both the northern and the southern portion, being the southern zone more dynamic linked to active alignments in the depocenter of the San Jorge Gulf. This work provides a method for using knickpoints as geomorphic markers in coastal basins associated to the Atlantic Ocean margin.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. D. Yamazaki for MERIT DEM images and to Prof. Dr. J.V. Pérez-Peña for the CalHipso tool software. Their contributions have been fundamental to carry out this work. Also, we thank Dr. Enrique Fucks for the photographies and Dr. Ernesto Brunetto for his comments and suggestions which undoubtedly improved this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Gabriella M. Boretto, Marcela Cioccale, José Tello, Eduardo García Aráoz & Sandra Gordillo

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra, (CICTERRA), Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, Edificio CICTERRA, 2° Piso of. 18, X5016CGA, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina

    Gabriella M. Boretto & Sandra Gordillo

  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Geología Aplicada. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Eduardo García Aráoz

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  1. Gabriella M. Boretto
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  2. Marcela Cioccale
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  3. José Tello
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Correspondence to Gabriella M. Boretto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Geociencias y Medio Ambiente, National University of Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Mirian M. Collantes

  2. Instituto de Geología, CIGEOBIO, National University of San Juan, San Juan, Argentina

    Laura Perucca

  3. Departamento de Geología, National University of Catamarca, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina

    Adriana Niz

  4. Laboratorio de Geomorfologia y Cuaternario, CADIC-CONICET, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

    Jorge Rabassa

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Boretto, G.M., Cioccale, M., Tello, J., García Aráoz, E., Gordillo, S. (2020). Identification of Knickpoints in Littoral Basins of Argentine Patagonia: Geomorphic Markers in a Passive Margin. In: Collantes, M., Perucca, L., Niz, A., Rabassa, J. (eds) Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22621-3_10

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